Forage ecology of Neotropical fish in Brazilian biomes using stable isotopes.

IF 8.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-20 Epub Date: 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177682
Luiz Antonio Martinelli, Fernanda Gaudio Augusto, Adibe Luiz Abdalla Filho, Gabriela Bielefeld Nardoto, Thaís Rovere Diniz-Reis, Evanilde Benedito, Thiago Simon Marques
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Abstract

Neotropical regions are responsible for harboring most of the global diversity of freshwater fish, providing essential ecosystem services for society. Human activities (e.g., land use changes) jeopardize aquatic ecosystems as well as species, communities, etc., impairing ecosystem services. We investigate the impact of human disturbance on the foraging ecology of Neotropical freshwater fishes across five Brazilian biomes by stable isotope analysis. We analyzed carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic compositions of Neotropical fishes, sourced from the SIA-BRA dataset. Fishes were categorized into herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores. We tested the correlation between human disturbances, indicated by the human disturbance index (hdi), and changes in fish diets. We expected that the assimilation of C4‑carbon from exotic forage would increase with higher disturbance levels, while δ15N levels would similarly rise due to nitrogen input from anthropogenic sources. We found increases in fish δ13C with human disturbance increases, suggesting greater assimilation of C4 carbon in places where native vegetation was replaced by C4 sources, confirmed by isotopic mixing models. In contrast, δ15N values did not show a significant relationship with human disturbance, probably due to the complex interactions and multiple sources of nitrogen in disturbed environments. Our finds suggest that stable isotope analysis provides a powerful tool for monitoring the effects of landscape changes on aquatic food webs. Particularly, the δ13C values of detritivorous fish that feed on C4 plant detritus could serve as bioindicators of environmental degradation. However, a specific isotopic characterization of each site would be valuable for more accurate niche information.

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利用稳定同位素研究巴西生物群落中新热带鱼类的觅食生态。
新热带地区拥有全球大部分淡水鱼类,为社会提供重要的生态系统服务。人类活动(如改变土地用途)危害了水生生态系统以及物种、群落等,损害了生态系统服务。我们通过稳定同位素分析研究了人类干扰对巴西五个生物群落中新热带淡水鱼类觅食生态的影响。我们分析了来自 SIA-BRA 数据集的新热带鱼的碳(δ13C)和氮(δ15N)同位素组成。鱼类分为草食性、杂食性和肉食性。我们测试了人类干扰(以人类干扰指数(hdi)表示)与鱼类食物变化之间的相关性。我们预计,外来饲料中 C4 碳的同化会随着干扰水平的提高而增加,而δ15N 水平也会因人为来源的氮输入而同样上升。我们发现,随着人为干扰的增加,鱼类的δ13C含量也会增加,这表明在原生植被被C4碳源取代的地方,C4碳的同化程度更高,同位素混合模型也证实了这一点。与此相反,δ15N 值与人类干扰的关系并不明显,这可能是由于干扰环境中复杂的相互作用和多种氮源造成的。我们的发现表明,稳定同位素分析为监测景观变化对水生食物网的影响提供了一种有力的工具。特别是,以 C4 植物碎屑为食的食腐鱼类的 δ13C 值可以作为环境退化的生物指标。不过,对每个地点进行具体的同位素特征描述对于获得更准确的生态位信息非常有价值。
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来源期刊
Science of the Total Environment
Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
10.20%
发文量
8726
审稿时长
2.4 months
期刊介绍: The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.
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