Early-life exposure to outdoor temperature and the risk of childhood allergic diseases: A multicentre retrospective cohort study

IF 7.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112317
Faming Wang , Lin Wang , Ying Jiang , Mengju Lan , Wenhui Yang , Zijing Liu , Chan Lu
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Abstract

Few research studies have shown the impact of temperature on childhood allergy, and less is known about the efficacy of mitigation methods such as the use of air-conditioning (AC). We aim to determine whether pre-schoolers’ allergic diseases and symptoms are associated with pregnant and postnatal exposure to ambient air temperature, and whether the use of AC mitigates this effect. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in nine Chinese cities between 2019 and 2023, involving 20,012 children aged 3–6 years. Demographics, socioeconomic status (SES), and indoor environmental factors were recorded. The exposure to twenty meteorological parameters, including temperature and seven air pollutants, was calculated. The relationship between temperature exposure with childhood allergic diseases and symptoms was studied using a two-level logistic regression analysis. We observed a significantly increased risk of childhood first-wave and second-wave allergic diseases associated with increased temperature exposure, especially daily minimum temperature (TEM-min), during pregnancy and postnatal period. The temperature increase during the first two trimesters and the third trimester were more important for asthma and food allergy, respectively. Sensitivity analysis revealed that children who did not have COVID-19 were more vulnerable to the allergy risk of temperature exposure. Temperature exposure was found to be significantly more associated with first-wave and second-wave allergic diseases in children who lived in non-air-conditioned homes. This change was more pronounced during prenatal exposure, particularly for daily maximum (TEM-max) exposure during the summer. Our findings indicate that temperature increases during early life has a significant impact on childhood allergies, which could be mitigated by AC use.

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幼年时期暴露于室外温度与儿童过敏性疾病的风险:多中心回顾性队列研究
很少有研究显示温度对儿童过敏症的影响,而对使用空调(AC)等缓解方法的效果也知之甚少。我们旨在确定学龄前儿童的过敏性疾病和症状是否与孕期和产后暴露于环境空气温度有关,以及使用空调是否能减轻这种影响。我们于 2019 年至 2023 年期间在中国九个城市开展了一项回顾性队列研究,涉及 20,012 名 3-6 岁儿童。研究记录了人口统计学、社会经济地位(SES)和室内环境因素。计算了儿童暴露于二十种气象参数(包括温度和七种空气污染物)的情况。通过两级逻辑回归分析,研究了温度暴露与儿童过敏性疾病和症状之间的关系。我们观察到,在怀孕和产后期间,儿童罹患第一波和第二波过敏性疾病的风险明显增加,这与温度暴露增加有关,尤其是每日最低温度(TEM-min)。前两个孕期和第三个孕期的温度升高分别对哮喘和食物过敏更为重要。敏感性分析显示,没有 COVID-19 的儿童更容易受到温度暴露的过敏风险影响。研究发现,在没有空调的家庭中生活的儿童,温度暴露与第一波和第二波过敏性疾病的相关性明显更高。这种变化在产前暴露期间更为明显,尤其是在夏季的每日最高温度(TEM-max)暴露期间。我们的研究结果表明,生命早期气温升高对儿童过敏症有重大影响,而使用空调可以减轻这种影响。
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来源期刊
Building and Environment
Building and Environment 工程技术-工程:环境
CiteScore
12.50
自引率
23.00%
发文量
1130
审稿时长
27 days
期刊介绍: Building and Environment, an international journal, is dedicated to publishing original research papers, comprehensive review articles, editorials, and short communications in the fields of building science, urban physics, and human interaction with the indoor and outdoor built environment. The journal emphasizes innovative technologies and knowledge verified through measurement and analysis. It covers environmental performance across various spatial scales, from cities and communities to buildings and systems, fostering collaborative, multi-disciplinary research with broader significance.
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