Assessment of the ability of Lactococcus lactis 537 to bind aflatoxin M1 in the presence of inulin and Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum)

Abstract

One promising method for the detoxification of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) involves the use of probiotic bacteria combined with prebiotics. This approach is both safe and cost-effective, while also offering additional health benefits. The objective of this study was to investigate the capacity of Lactococcus lactis 537 (Lc. Lactis 537) to bind AFM1 in milk and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), either in the presence or absence of inulin or Kakadu plum fruit powder (KP), which are prebiotic substances. Lc. Lactis 537 was incubated for 0, 1, 2, and 24 h at 30 °C, with or without inulin or KP, to assess its ability to bind and reduce AFM1 levels. The concentration of AFM1 was determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS9) during the different incubation periods. The results demonstrated that Lc. Lactis 537 significantly reduced the initial concentration of AFM1 in both milk and PBS after 24 h of incubation. Moreover, the presence of inulin or KP enhanced the binding and reduction capacity of Lc. Lactis 537. This suggests that the synbiotic effect where probiotic bacteria like Lc. Lactis work in synergy with prebiotics such as inulin or KP could play a critical role in the removal of AFM1 from contaminated substances. In conclusion, the synbiotic of Lc. Lactis 537 with inulin or KP represents a promising biological approach for AFM1 detoxification, and further research is warranted to explore its potential applications in food safety.