Jiang Yi-ao Zhang , Xiaotong Xiao , Ruediger Stein , Wenshen Xiao , Rujian Wang , Yang Ding , Lupeng Nie , Meixun Zhao
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Sea ice is an essential component in polar regions and plays an important role in global climate changes. Knowing sea-ice variabilities on long-term time scales is critical to understand the rapid sea-ice decline in recent decades and to predict future Arctic changes. In this study, a suite of biomarkers including highly branched isoprenoids (IP25 and HBI III (Z)) and sterols (brassicasterol and dinosterol) were measured in 55 surface sediments from the Bering-Chukchi Sea to central Arctic Ocean transect. PIP25 indices were calculated with sea-ice biomarker IP25 and phytoplankton biomarkers (brassicasterol, dinosterol and HBI III (Z)). The new data were combined with published data (n = 875) to complete the pan-Arctic dataset of biomarkers (n = 1062) in surface sediments. The compiled extended total data in general support previous pan-Arctic PIP25 studies and by this the reliability of the PIP25 approach for (paleo) sea-ice reconstructions. Furthermore, this study provides an extended basis for semi-quantitative paleo-sea-ice reconstruction in different regions of the Arctic Ocean. Phytoplankton biomarkers HBI III (Z) display highest values near the winter sea ice (WSI) edge in the pan-Arctic, reflecting the ice-edge conditions. PIIIIP25 show significant correlations with satellite spring/summer and autumn sea-ice concentration in the Pacific Sector of the pan-Arctic dataset (Bering-Chukchi Sea shelves, Chukchi Borderland and Canada Basin), and with spring/autumn sea-ice concentration in the Atlantic sector of the pan-Arctic dataset (Fram Strait, East Greenland shelf and Barents Sea). PIIIIP25 index seems to be reliable to reconstruct the paleo-sea-ice conditions in the Pan-Arctic, as well as PBIP25 and PDIP25 (using brassicasterol and dinosterol as phytoplankton biomarker, respectively). Furthermore, regional calibrations of comprehensive biomarker and PIP25 datasets against known sea-ice conditions would add further confidence in their application for paleo-sea-ice reconstruction. Based on our extended HBI III dataset we did not find that the HBI TR25 index was a reliable proxy for phytoplankton spring blooms on pan-Arctic scales. Certainly, deciphering the origin of certain biomarkers (e.g. HBI III (Z) and (E)) is still crucial for their application in further validation of PIP25 and TR25 indices application.
期刊介绍：
The objective of the journal Global and Planetary Change is to provide a multi-disciplinary overview of the processes taking place in the Earth System and involved in planetary change over time. The journal focuses on records of the past and current state of the earth system, and future scenarios , and their link to global environmental change. Regional or process-oriented studies are welcome if they discuss global implications. Topics include, but are not limited to, changes in the dynamics and composition of the atmosphere, oceans and cryosphere, as well as climate change, sea level variation, observations/modelling of Earth processes from deep to (near-)surface and their coupling, global ecology, biogeography and the resilience/thresholds in ecosystems.
Key criteria for the consideration of manuscripts are (a) the relevance for the global scientific community and/or (b) the wider implications for global scale problems, preferably combined with (c) having a significance beyond a single discipline. A clear focus on key processes associated with planetary scale change is strongly encouraged.
Manuscripts can be submitted as either research contributions or as a review article. Every effort should be made towards the presentation of research outcomes in an understandable way for a broad readership.
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