Effect of combustion chamber geometry on performance and emissions of direct injection hydrogen engines

IF 6.7 1区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Fuel Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133500
Lezhen Li , Zhaolei Zheng , Shunlu Rao , Qian Li , Xuelin Tang , Wei Deng
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Abstract

Using hydrogen in internal combustion engines (ICEs) not only reduces CO2 emissions but also leverages the high technological maturity of ICEs for rapid popularization, making it a very promising method. However, hydrogen ICEs face the challenge of high NOX emissions. Optimizing the combustion chamber geometry can significantly improve the mixing quality of the fuel–air mixture, thereby increasing combustion stability and reducing original NOX emissions. This paper discusses in detail the effects of five different chamber geometries on performance and emissions in a direct-injection spark-ignition hydrogen engine under ultra-lean conditions. The research results indicate that the nebular spiral arm structure of the nebular combustion chamber divides the large-scale vortex in the cylinder into several vortices, guiding the collision between different vortices or colliding with other walls of the combustion chamber. By enhancing the gas flow in the cylinder at the end of the compression stroke, the reasonable mixture concentration distribution and TKE distribution are achieved, thus showing the best combustion performance The eccentric hemispherical combustion chamber (EHCC), with its offset hemispherical structure, achieves stratified mixing and combustion effects with high concentration at the cylinder center and low concentration around the periphery. However, due to the weaker TKE of the mixture, the combustion performance of the EHCC is slightly inferior to that of the NECC. Compared to the initial combustion chamber (INCC), the NECC expands the excess air coefficient corresponding to the lean-burn limit from 2.52 to 2.91. Furthermore, at λ = 2.5, the NECC achieves both high thermal efficiency (46.2 %) and nearly zero emissions.
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燃烧室几何形状对氢气直喷发动机性能和排放的影响
在内燃机(ICE)中使用氢气不仅能减少二氧化碳排放,还能利用内燃机技术的高度成熟性迅速普及,因此是一种非常有前景的方法。然而,氢内燃机面临着氮氧化物排放量高的挑战。优化燃烧室的几何形状可以显著改善燃料-空气混合物的混合质量,从而提高燃烧稳定性并减少氮氧化物的原始排放量。本文详细讨论了在超低排放条件下,五种不同的燃烧室几何形状对直喷式火花点火氢气发动机性能和排放的影响。研究结果表明,球状燃烧室的球状旋臂结构将气缸内的大尺度涡流分成多个涡流,引导不同涡流之间的碰撞或与燃烧室其他壁面的碰撞。偏心半球形燃烧室(EHCC)采用偏置半球形结构,实现了气缸中心高浓度、外围低浓度的分层混合和燃烧效果。然而,由于混合气的 TKE 较弱,EHCC 的燃烧性能略逊于 NECC。与初始燃烧室(INCC)相比,NECC 将对应于贫燃极限的过量空气系数从 2.52 扩大到 2.91。此外,在 λ = 2.5 时,NECC 不仅热效率高(46.2%),而且排放几乎为零。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Fuel
Fuel 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
12.80
自引率
20.30%
发文量
3506
审稿时长
64 days
期刊介绍: The exploration of energy sources remains a critical matter of study. For the past nine decades, fuel has consistently held the forefront in primary research efforts within the field of energy science. This area of investigation encompasses a wide range of subjects, with a particular emphasis on emerging concerns like environmental factors and pollution.
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