{"title":"SuMOS, a submerged microscope for observing substrates: Studying benthic activity in aquatic environments","authors":"Jens Wira, Allen R. Place","doi":"10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00610","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Described here is the construction of a low-cost, standalone underwater camera system designed for recording processes occurring on aquatic substrates. The Submerged Microscope for Observing Substrates (SuMOS) utilizes a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W paired with a Raspberry Pi Camera Module v3 NoIR, with IR illumination for low-light situations. It features a waterproof housing inspired by the open-source PipeCam project, with enhancements for sealing and substrate mounting. The SuMOS system operates autonomously, capturing high-resolution images at fixed intervals under various lighting conditions. Tests in the Choptank River of Maryland demonstrated the system’s robustness in capturing patterns of amphipod activity under challenging optical conditions. This versatile tool offers a scalable solution for highly time-resolved, <em>in situ</em> studies of processes occurring at the interface of the aquatic/solid surface boundaries. The SuMOS provides significant advantages in cost, ease of deployment, and data collection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37503,"journal":{"name":"HardwareX","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article e00610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"HardwareX","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468067224001044","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Described here is the construction of a low-cost, standalone underwater camera system designed for recording processes occurring on aquatic substrates. The Submerged Microscope for Observing Substrates (SuMOS) utilizes a Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W paired with a Raspberry Pi Camera Module v3 NoIR, with IR illumination for low-light situations. It features a waterproof housing inspired by the open-source PipeCam project, with enhancements for sealing and substrate mounting. The SuMOS system operates autonomously, capturing high-resolution images at fixed intervals under various lighting conditions. Tests in the Choptank River of Maryland demonstrated the system’s robustness in capturing patterns of amphipod activity under challenging optical conditions. This versatile tool offers a scalable solution for highly time-resolved, in situ studies of processes occurring at the interface of the aquatic/solid surface boundaries. The SuMOS provides significant advantages in cost, ease of deployment, and data collection.
这里描述的是一个低成本、独立的水下摄像系统的构造，旨在记录水生基质上发生的过程。用于观察底质的水下显微镜（SuMOS）使用了 Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W 和 Raspberry Pi Camera Module v3 NoIR，其中红外照明适用于弱光环境。其防水外壳的设计灵感来自开源的 PipeCam 项目，并对密封性和基底安装进行了改进。SuMOS 系统可自主运行，在各种照明条件下以固定间隔捕捉高分辨率图像。在马里兰州 Choptank 河进行的测试表明，该系统能够在极具挑战性的光学条件下捕捉片脚类动物的活动模式。这种多功能工具为高度时间分辨的现场研究水生生物/固体表面边界的过程提供了一种可扩展的解决方案。SuMOS 在成本、易于部署和数据收集方面具有显著优势。
HardwareXEngineering-Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
18.20%
发文量
124
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍：
HardwareX is an open access journal established to promote free and open source designing, building and customizing of scientific infrastructure (hardware). HardwareX aims to recognize researchers for the time and effort in developing scientific infrastructure while providing end-users with sufficient information to replicate and validate the advances presented. HardwareX is open to input from all scientific, technological and medical disciplines. Scientific infrastructure will be interpreted in the broadest sense. Including hardware modifications to existing infrastructure, sensors and tools that perform measurements and other functions outside of the traditional lab setting (such as wearables, air/water quality sensors, and low cost alternatives to existing tools), and the creation of wholly new tools for either standard or novel laboratory tasks. Authors are encouraged to submit hardware developments that address all aspects of science, not only the final measurement, for example, enhancements in sample preparation and handling, user safety, and quality control. The use of distributed digital manufacturing strategies (e.g. 3-D printing) is encouraged. All designs must be submitted under an open hardware license.
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