FDM-assisted OA-CEAS system for simultaneous measurements of temperature, CO2, and CO in flames

IF 6.7 1区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Fuel Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133782
Xuan Wang , Wenjian Huang , Guangzhen Gao, Yubing Yang, Hui Yang, Tingdong Cai
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Abstract

A system based on off-axis cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OA-CEAS) integrated with frequency division multiplexing (FDM)-assisted wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) was developed for simultaneous measurements of temperature, CO2, and CO in flames by employing two distributed feedback (DFB) diode lasers at 2.0 µm and 2.3 µm. An integrated cavity with an open-path configuration was made up of two cavity mirrors with a reflectivity of 99.8 %, and an effective optical absorption path length of approximately 5.2 m was achieved within a 6 cm diameter flame region. A CO2 line pair at 4990.418 cm−1 and 4990.664 cm−1, along with a CO line at 4300.699 cm−1, were selected as the measurement targets. The system was initially calibrated in a heated static cell and subsequently tested in C2H4/air premixed flat flames for six different equivalence ratios. All concentrations measured by the 1f-normalized 2f signals were compared with the results obtained from both the direct absorption signals and simulations based on adiabatic chemical equilibrium calculations using Chemkin. Additionally, the measured temperatures were compared with the thermocouple readings. According to the measurements conducted at representative C2H4 flames with different equivalence ratios, the accuracies for the measurements of temperature, CO2 concentrations, and CO concentrations were ∼1.062 %, ∼1.082 %, and ∼1.052 %, respectively. All the measurements illustrate the potential of the system for combustion diagnosis.
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用于同时测量火焰中温度、二氧化碳和一氧化碳的 FDM 辅助 OA-CEAS 系统
通过使用 2.0 µm 和 2.3 µm 两个分布式反馈 (DFB) 二极管激光器,开发了一种基于离轴腔增强吸收光谱 (OA-CEAS) 与频分复用 (FDM) 辅助波长调制光谱 (WMS) 集成的系统,用于同时测量火焰中的温度、二氧化碳和一氧化碳。两个反射率为 99.8% 的空腔反射镜组成了一个具有开路结构的集成空腔,在直径为 6 厘米的火焰区域内实现了约 5.2 米的有效光吸收路径长度。4990.418 cm-1 和 4990.664 cm-1 的 CO2 线对以及 4300.699 cm-1 的 CO 线被选为测量目标。系统最初在加热的静态池中进行校准,随后在六种不同当量比的 C2H4/空气预混合平焰中进行测试。通过 1f 归一化 2f 信号测得的所有浓度都与直接吸收信号和基于绝热化学平衡计算(使用 Chemkin)的模拟结果进行了比较。此外,还将测得的温度与热电偶读数进行了比较。根据在不同当量比的代表性 C2H4 火焰中进行的测量,温度、CO2 浓度和 CO 浓度的测量精度分别为 1.062 %、1.082 % 和 1.052 %。所有测量结果都说明了该系统在燃烧诊断方面的潜力。
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来源期刊
Fuel
Fuel 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
12.80
自引率
20.30%
发文量
3506
审稿时长
64 days
期刊介绍: The exploration of energy sources remains a critical matter of study. For the past nine decades, fuel has consistently held the forefront in primary research efforts within the field of energy science. This area of investigation encompasses a wide range of subjects, with a particular emphasis on emerging concerns like environmental factors and pollution.
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