Evaluation of the thermal conductivity of chromium coatings for accident tolerant fuels using thermoreflectance techniques

Abstract

The deployment of Cr coatings as accident tolerant fuel cladding inside nuclear reactors necessitates a thorough understanding of their performance, including mechanical, chemical, irradiation, and thermal properties. While significant research has delved into the former, the thermal transport properties of Cr coatings, which dictates fuel temperature and impacts fuel safety, have been relatively underexplored. This work presents an investigation into the thermal conductivity of 12 µm-thick Cr coatings fabricated by multi-arc ion plating employing high-resolution frequency and spatial domain thermoreflectance techniques. Vacuum annealing was utilized to control the morphology of coatings to explore the impact of grain size. The results indicate that both as-deposited and annealed coatings, despite possessing distinct grain morphologies, exhibit thermal conductivities similar to their bulk counterparts. The influence of boundaries on thermal transport is anticipated to become prominent as the critical dimension diminishes below 0.5 μm. Future investigation is required to address the potential impact of adverse reactions, such as oxygen ingress and irradiation, on the thermal properties of Cr coatings to ensure safe and efficient operation in nuclear reactor environments.