Relationships between different trends of the Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular disease-related risk factors in China: results from the CHNS study, 1997-2009.

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Frontiers in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-11-08 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2024.1463947

Zhengyang Bao, Zhengtao Qian, Jiale Chen, Yu Chen, Na Li, Yang Ye, Yongwei Ren, Yiming Tang, Daozhen Chen

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Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the associations between Mediterranean diet trajectories (MDTs) and cardiovascular disease-related risk factors in Chinese adults.

Methods: A total of 4,332 participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were included in this study. A group-based trajectory model (GBTM) was used to explore Mediterranean diet trajectories (MDTs). Linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between Mediterranean diet trajectories and cardiovascular disease-related risk factors. Stratified analyses by gender were also performed.

Results: The following four groups were identified in the total population: Group 1 (Persistently low MDT, n = 292, 6.74%), Group 2 (Descent MDT, n = 537, 12.40%), Group 3 (Ascent MDT, n = 454, 10.48%), and Group 4 (Persistently high MDT, n = 3,049, 70.38%). Compared to the persistently low MDT (Group 1), both Group 2 and Group 4 were negatively related to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (Group 2: β = -0.23, 95% CI: -0.36 to -0.09, p = 0.001; Group 4: β = -0.25, 95% CI: -0.37 to -0.14, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (Group 2: β = -0.18, 95% CI: -0.32 to -0.04, p = 0.010; Group 4: β = -0.31, 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.19, p < 0.001), and uric acid (UA) (Group 2: β = -15.16, 95% CI: -28.66 to -2.56, p = 0.019; Group 4: β = -27.51, 95% CI: -38.77 to -16.25, p < 0.001) after adjusting for potential risk factors. Only Group 4 exhibited a negative relationship with triglycerides (TG) (β = -0.18, 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.02, p = 0.028) and blood glucose (β = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.37 to -0.02, p = 0.032).

Conclusion: Four MDTs were identified among the total participants, including men and women. These trajectories were summarized as persistently low MDT, ascent MDT, descent MDT, and persistently high MDT. Adherence to high MDTs could reduce the level of some CVD-related risk factors. The impact of the remote MD on CVD-related risk factors may be greater than that of the proximal MD.

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中国地中海饮食不同趋势与心血管疾病相关风险因素之间的关系：1997-2009 年 CHNS 研究结果。

研究目的本研究旨在探讨地中海饮食轨迹（MDTs）与中国成年人心血管疾病相关危险因素之间的关系：方法：本研究共纳入了4332名中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）的参与者。采用基于群体的轨迹模型（GBTM）来探索地中海饮食轨迹（MDTs）。通过线性回归分析评估地中海饮食轨迹与心血管疾病相关危险因素之间的关系。此外，还按性别进行了分层分析：结果：在所有人群中确定了以下四个组别：第 1 组（持续低 MDT，n = 292，6.74%）、第 2 组（下降 MDT，n = 537，12.40%）、第 3 组（上升 MDT，n = 454，10.48%）和第 4 组（持续高 MDT，n = 3 049，70.38%）。与持续低 MDT（第 1 组）相比，第 2 组和第 4 组均与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）呈负相关（第 2 组：β = -0.23，95% CI：-0.36 至 -0.09，p = 0.001；第 4 组：β = -0.25，95% CI：-0.37 至 -0.14，p β = -0.18，95% CI：-0.32 至 -0.04，p = 0.010；第四组：β = -0.31，95% CI：-0.43 至 -0.19，p β = -15.16，95% CI：-28.66 至 -2.56，p = 0.019；第四组：β = -27.51，95% CI：-38.77 to -16.25，p β = -0.18，95% CI：-0.34 to -0.02，p = 0.028）和血糖（β = -0.19，95% CI：-0.37 to -0.02，p = 0.032）：结论：在所有参与者（包括男性和女性）中发现了四个 MDT。这些轨迹被概括为持续低MDT、上升MDT、下降MDT和持续高MDT。坚持高 MDT 可以降低某些心血管疾病相关风险因素的水平。远端 MDT 对心血管疾病相关风险因素的影响可能大于近端 MDT。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

8.00%

发文量

2891

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health. Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.