Circadian Rhythm and Physical Fatigue Separately Influence Cognitive and Physical Performance in Amateur Athletes.

IF 2.6 Q1 SPORT SCIENCES Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI:10.3390/jfmk9040227

Panagiota Karanika, Philip Gallardo, Themistoklis Tsatalas, Giannis Giakas, Panagiotis V Tsaklis

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Abstract

Background/objectives: Circadian rhythm (CR) influences various physiological functions, including physical and cognitive performance, which fluctuate throughout the day. The present study aimed to investigate the combined and separate effects of CR and physical fatigue on cognitive and physical performance.

Methods: A sample of 18 amateur athletes was subjected to a series of tests at three different times of the day: morning, afternoon, and evening. Fatigue was induced following an isokinetic concentric exercise combined with a 20 min treadmill run, followed by assessments of selected physical and cognitive tasks.

Results: A repeated measure ANOVA did not reveal an interaction between CR and fatigue in cognitive performance (p > 0.05). However, a significant main effect of fatigue was observed in visual reaction time (VisRT) across all three timepoints. Moreover, peak torque (PT) and the peak torque fatigue index (PTFI) showed significant differences between the three times of the day, peaking in the evening.

Conclusions: Although we found no interaction between CR and the physical fatigue state on selected cognitive parameters at the three times of the day, a separate effect of fatigue on cognitive performance was identified. Additionally, physical parameters exhibited peak values occurring in the evening hours. Future research should further explore underlying mechanisms that potentially influence cognitive performance at different times of the day.

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昼夜节律和身体疲劳分别影响业余运动员的认知和体能表现

背景/目的：昼夜节律（CR）会影响包括身体和认知能力在内的各种生理功能，而这些生理功能在一天中会有所波动。本研究旨在探究昼夜节律和身体疲劳对认知和体能表现的综合和单独影响：方法：18 名业余运动员在一天的上午、下午和晚上三个不同时间段接受了一系列测试。在进行等速同心运动和 20 分钟跑步机跑步后诱发疲劳，然后对选定的身体和认知任务进行评估：重复测量方差分析结果显示，在认知能力方面，CR 和疲劳之间没有相互作用（P > 0.05）。然而，在所有三个时间点的视觉反应时间（VisRT）中都观察到了明显的疲劳主效应。此外，峰值扭矩（PT）和峰值扭矩疲劳指数（PTFI）在一天中的三个时间点之间存在显著差异，在傍晚达到峰值：虽然我们没有发现 CR 和身体疲劳状态对一天中三个时间段选定的认知参数有交互作用，但发现疲劳对认知表现有单独的影响。此外，身体参数的峰值出现在傍晚时分。未来的研究应进一步探索一天中不同时间段可能影响认知能力的潜在机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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