Design and validation of a selective binding 3D printer for bio-based construction materials

Abstract

We aim to address that home-made design and assembly can be effective to investigate several sizes and natures of construction materials. This study offers a new design that accepts different powder and bio-based materials to enhance the functionality of construction elements. We developed a system in which a numerical controlled machine is coupled with a 6 axis articulated-arm to selectively bind a mineral powder bed with liquid’s droplets. A home-made frame has been designed and built to adapt the geometrical space that allows the displacement of the numerical controlled machine and the articulated arm. The powder deposition is carried out using a tank controlled by an Arduino board. In parallel, we propose a fluid deposition system using a pressurized tank and a valve jetting that allows the deposition of millimetric liquid droplet. 3D printing tests using cement particles, water retention agent, and a composite of cement with hemp aggregates were carried out to validate the prototype. We then highlight, as a proof of concept, that an innovative selective binding 3D printer could bring new composites or biobased materials in construction industry.