Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100857
Yifan Lu , Weili Fang , Peter E.D. Love , Guanghui Geng , Jinhua Dong
This paper addresses the following research question: How can a physical FEM model integrate a data-driven model to accurately and efficiently predict deep foundation pit deformation during excavation, while mitigating issues of data scarcity and slow optimization convergence? To answer this question, a hybrid, data-driven finite element method (FEM) was developed to predict the lateral deformation of deep foundation pits. The model comprises: (1) a Finite Element Model (FEM) and a synthetic dataset that integrates numerical simulation results with field monitoring data; (2) a hybrid surrogate model employing Structured Kernel Ridge Regression and Least Squares Boosting (SKRR-LSBOOST); and (3) an Improved Hippopotamus Optimization (IHO) algorithm for optimizing soil-layer parameters. A case study is employed to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of our model. The results demonstrate that the hybrid model achieves an R2 value of 0.904 for deformation prediction, outperforming other candidate models. It is suggested that the newly developed model can help site managers identify potential risks in advance and ensure the safety of people and the surrounding environment. Additionally, it enhances decision-making effectiveness during the excavation of deep foundation pits.
本文主要研究的问题是：如何将物理有限元模型与数据驱动模型相结合，准确有效地预测深基坑开挖过程中的变形，同时缓解数据稀缺和优化收敛缓慢的问题？为了解决这一问题，提出了一种数据驱动的混合有限元法（FEM）来预测深基坑的侧向变形。该模型包括：(1)有限元模型和数值模拟结果与现场监测数据相结合的合成数据集；(2)基于结构核岭回归和最小二乘增强的混合代理模型（SKRR-LSBOOST）；(3)改进的河马优化算法（hippo - us Optimization， IHO）优化土层参数。通过实例分析，验证了模型的有效性和可行性。结果表明，混合模型的变形预测R2值为0.904，优于其他候选模型。建议新开发的模型可以帮助现场管理人员提前识别潜在风险，确保人员和周围环境的安全。提高了深基坑开挖决策的有效性。
{"title":"A hybrid finite element method–data-driven model for predicting deep foundation pit deformation","authors":"Yifan Lu , Weili Fang , Peter E.D. Love , Guanghui Geng , Jinhua Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the following research question: How can a physical FEM model integrate a data-driven model to accurately and efficiently predict deep foundation pit deformation during excavation, while mitigating issues of data scarcity and slow optimization convergence? To answer this question, a hybrid, data-driven finite element method (FEM) was developed to predict the lateral deformation of deep foundation pits. The model comprises: (1) a Finite Element Model (FEM) and a synthetic dataset that integrates numerical simulation results with field monitoring data; (2) a hybrid surrogate model employing Structured Kernel Ridge Regression and Least Squares Boosting (SKRR-LSBOOST); and (3) an Improved Hippopotamus Optimization (IHO) algorithm for optimizing soil-layer parameters. A case study is employed to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of our model. The results demonstrate that the hybrid model achieves an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.904 for deformation prediction, outperforming other candidate models. It is suggested that the newly developed model can help site managers identify potential risks in advance and ensure the safety of people and the surrounding environment. Additionally, it enhances decision-making effectiveness during the excavation of deep foundation pits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100857"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100877
Sultan Çetin , Pedro Mêda , Karim Farghaly , Sun-Ah Hwang
This study identifies socio-technical challenges and enablers in integrating Digital Product Passports (DPPs) into Digital Building Logbooks (DBLs) and develops a guiding framework. While both instruments advance with overlapping sustainability objectives at the policy level, their effective integration remains unresolved. Adopting a qualitative multiple-case study, we investigated four European DBL initiatives from Germany, the UK, France and Belgium through semi-structured interviews triangulated with secondary sources. Findings show that integration barriers are less technical, but more procedural, and organizational. Key challenges include absent ontologies and unstructured data, unclear responsibilities and weak incentives, and digital fatigue, low awareness, and role ambiguity. Enabling factors highlight regulatory support, market incentives, and user-centered design. We propose that DBLs should function as Systems of Systems, with four interdependent enablers, namely, regulation, standardization, interoperability, and simplicity as prerequisites for scalable, effective DPP–DBL integration. The framework informs policy, industry, and researchers and supports sustainability transitions in the built environment.
{"title":"Linking digital product passports and digital building logbooks: Socio-Technical challenges and a pathways for integration","authors":"Sultan Çetin , Pedro Mêda , Karim Farghaly , Sun-Ah Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study identifies socio-technical challenges and enablers in integrating Digital Product Passports (DPPs) into Digital Building Logbooks (DBLs) and develops a guiding framework. While both instruments advance with overlapping sustainability objectives at the policy level, their effective integration remains unresolved. Adopting a qualitative multiple-case study, we investigated four European DBL initiatives from Germany, the UK, France and Belgium through semi-structured interviews triangulated with secondary sources. Findings show that integration barriers are less technical, but more procedural, and organizational. Key challenges include absent ontologies and unstructured data, unclear responsibilities and weak incentives, and digital fatigue, low awareness, and role ambiguity. Enabling factors highlight regulatory support, market incentives, and user-centered design. We propose that DBLs should function as Systems of Systems, with four interdependent enablers, namely, regulation, standardization, interoperability, and simplicity as prerequisites for scalable, effective DPP–DBL integration. The framework informs policy, industry, and researchers and supports sustainability transitions in the built environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100877"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100888
Alek Zhang , Pania Newell , Marta Miletić
Biopolymer-amended soils have shown promise as sustainable construction materials; however, their durability and recyclability under cyclic moisture exposure, particularly in relation to soil gradation effects, remain poorly understood. This study presents, an integrated, multiscale investigation of xanthan gum (XG)–treated sands with differing particle-size distributions: less-uniform sand (Sand Type 1, ST1) and a uniform sand (Sand Type 2, ST2), amended with 0.5, 1, and 2% XG by dry mass. Mechanical performance was evaluated through unconfined compression and oedometer testing to quantify strength, stiffness, compressibility, durability, and reuse potential under wetting–drying cycles, while micro-computed tomography (μCT) was employed to directly link pore-scale evolution to macroscopic response. Unlike prior studies that primarily focus on initial strength, this work simultaneously evaluates durability degradation, recyclability through mechanical reconstitution, and microstructural mechanisms governing performance loss. All mixtures exhibited strength reduction with wetting-drying cycles; however, ST1 treated with 1% XG retained the highest fraction of its initial strength (≈40 % after two cycles), reflecting the combined benefits of moderate biopolymer dosage and enhanced particle interlocking in the less-uniform sand. After recycling, ST1 specimens converged to similar strengths regardless of initial XG content, indicating that mechanical reprocessing disrupts the gradation-dependent bonding advantages. In contrast, ST2 specimens with 1% XG retained comparatively higher post-recycling stiffness, suggesting that the more uniform particle-size distribution promotes more homogeneous deformation and improved preservation of biopolymer bonds at moderate dosage. μCT analysis revealed progressive pore coarsening and solid-phase loss with increasing XG content, consistent with swelling–shrinkage-induced bond disruption during moisture cycling. Overall, results indicate a clear gradation–dosage trade-off: less-uniform sands achieve higher initial strength, while uniform sands exhibit improved durability and recyclability under cyclic moisture exposure.
{"title":"Durability and reuse potential of biopolymer-stabilized sands under wetting–drying cycles","authors":"Alek Zhang , Pania Newell , Marta Miletić","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biopolymer-amended soils have shown promise as sustainable construction materials; however, their durability and recyclability under cyclic moisture exposure, particularly in relation to soil gradation effects, remain poorly understood. This study presents, an integrated, multiscale investigation of xanthan gum (XG)–treated sands with differing particle-size distributions: less-uniform sand (Sand Type 1, ST1) and a uniform sand (Sand Type 2, ST2), amended with 0.5, 1, and 2% XG by dry mass. Mechanical performance was evaluated through unconfined compression and oedometer testing to quantify strength, stiffness, compressibility, durability, and reuse potential under wetting–drying cycles, while micro-computed tomography (μCT) was employed to directly link pore-scale evolution to macroscopic response. Unlike prior studies that primarily focus on initial strength, this work simultaneously evaluates durability degradation, recyclability through mechanical reconstitution, and microstructural mechanisms governing performance loss. All mixtures exhibited strength reduction with wetting-drying cycles; however, ST1 treated with 1% XG retained the highest fraction of its initial strength (≈40 % after two cycles), reflecting the combined benefits of moderate biopolymer dosage and enhanced particle interlocking in the less-uniform sand. After recycling, ST1 specimens converged to similar strengths regardless of initial XG content, indicating that mechanical reprocessing disrupts the gradation-dependent bonding advantages. In contrast, ST2 specimens with 1% XG retained comparatively higher post-recycling stiffness, suggesting that the more uniform particle-size distribution promotes more homogeneous deformation and improved preservation of biopolymer bonds at moderate dosage. μCT analysis revealed progressive pore coarsening and solid-phase loss with increasing XG content, consistent with swelling–shrinkage-induced bond disruption during moisture cycling. Overall, results indicate a clear gradation–dosage trade-off: less-uniform sands achieve higher initial strength, while uniform sands exhibit improved durability and recyclability under cyclic moisture exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100826
Claudio Alanis Ruiz , Twan van Hooff , Bert Blocken , GertJan van Heijst
Unconditioned air infiltration through frequently used entrance doors can degrade building energy performance, indoor air quality, and thermal comfort. Air curtains mitigate these effects and are also critical in smoke and dust control, cleanrooms, and cold rooms. Their performance is commonly expressed as separation efficiency, which depends on jet dynamics and entrainment. While most studies consider single-jet air curtains, this work investigates secondary co-flowing jets as a design strategy to reduce entrainment and enhance separation efficiency. Large eddy simulations (LES), validated against a dedicated particle image velocimetry (PIV) dataset of plane turbulent impinging co-flowing jets, assess the influence of key jet parameters: velocity ratio (R), secondary-jet width (Ws), and inter-jet spacing (d). The results indicate that incorporating secondary jets under suitable discharge conditions increases infiltration-based separation efficiency by up to 5.4 % without compromising the combined infiltration–exfiltration metric; the latter can also improve by up to 3 %. Given baseline efficiencies of 86.2 % (infiltration) and 78.7 % (combined) for an optimized single-jet curtain, these gains are significant.
{"title":"Large eddy simulation of optimized air curtain separation via secondary co-flowing jets","authors":"Claudio Alanis Ruiz , Twan van Hooff , Bert Blocken , GertJan van Heijst","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unconditioned air infiltration through frequently used entrance doors can degrade building energy performance, indoor air quality, and thermal comfort. Air curtains mitigate these effects and are also critical in smoke and dust control, cleanrooms, and cold rooms. Their performance is commonly expressed as separation efficiency, which depends on jet dynamics and entrainment. While most studies consider single-jet air curtains, this work investigates secondary co-flowing jets as a design strategy to reduce entrainment and enhance separation efficiency. Large eddy simulations (LES), validated against a dedicated particle image velocimetry (PIV) dataset of plane turbulent impinging co-flowing jets, assess the influence of key jet parameters: velocity ratio (<em>R</em>), secondary-jet width (<em>W</em><sub><em>s</em></sub>), and inter-jet spacing (<em>d</em>). The results indicate that incorporating secondary jets under suitable discharge conditions increases infiltration-based separation efficiency by up to 5.4 % without compromising the combined infiltration–exfiltration metric; the latter can also improve by up to 3 %. Given baseline efficiencies of 86.2 % (infiltration) and 78.7 % (combined) for an optimized single-jet curtain, these gains are significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100868
Yuanxian Gong , Zhongxu Song , Binbin Liu , Guilong Sun , Guanglong Sun , Heng Chen
The poor carbonation resistance of supersulfated cement (SSC) is one of the key bottlenecks limiting its engineering applications. This paper investigates the synergistic effect of γ-C2S and silica fume (SF) on improving the carbonation resistance of SSC. The results show that γ-C2S can improve the compressive strength of SSC both before and after carbonation, and the strength improvement effect is more significant for the samples with both γ-C2S and SF. γ-C2S can reduce the porosity of SSC after 14 days of carbonation from ∼36% to ∼32%. SF can enhance the carbonation reaction degree of γ-C2S, strengthen the carbonation reinforcement effect, and reduce the porosity of carbonated SSC to ∼27%.This study provides a new method for improving the carbonation resistance of SSC. In addition, the promoting effect of SF on the carbonation reaction of γ-C2S also contributes to a new idea for improving the mechanical properties of γ-C2S-based carbonation-strengthened materials.
{"title":"The synergistic effect of silica fume and γ-C2S on the carbonation resistance of supersulfated cement","authors":"Yuanxian Gong , Zhongxu Song , Binbin Liu , Guilong Sun , Guanglong Sun , Heng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The poor carbonation resistance of supersulfated cement (SSC) is one of the key bottlenecks limiting its engineering applications. This paper investigates the synergistic effect of γ-C<sub>2</sub>S and silica fume (SF) on improving the carbonation resistance of SSC. The results show that γ-C<sub>2</sub>S can improve the compressive strength of SSC both before and after carbonation, and the strength improvement effect is more significant for the samples with both γ-C<sub>2</sub>S and SF. γ-C<sub>2</sub>S can reduce the porosity of SSC after 14 days of carbonation from ∼36% to ∼32%. SF can enhance the carbonation reaction degree of γ-C<sub>2</sub>S, strengthen the carbonation reinforcement effect, and reduce the porosity of carbonated SSC to ∼27%.This study provides a new method for improving the carbonation resistance of SSC. In addition, the promoting effect of SF on the carbonation reaction of γ-C<sub>2</sub>S also contributes to a new idea for improving the mechanical properties of γ-C<sub>2</sub>S-based carbonation-strengthened materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100868"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100878
Maximilian Günzel, Simon Stinglhammer, Werner Jensch
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) significantly affects cognitive performance and well-being in educational settings. This study examined multi-domain interactions between indoor climate parameters (CO2 concentration, temperature, humidity) and user control in smart and non-smart classrooms. Over two semesters, master's students (mean age ≈ 24 years) participated in a ten-week FAIR-2 concentration test series. Linear mixed models and non-parametric analyses were applied to assess the influence of environmental factors and subjective well-being on cognitive performance. Results showed that smart-controlled rooms maintained lower CO2 levels and more stable temperatures, improving concentration and perceived comfort, particularly during summer conditions. In contrast, higher winter temperatures correlated negatively with performance, potentially due to thermal discomfort and clothing insulation. The findings highlight the importance of adaptive smart systems and user feedback in optimizing indoor environments for health, comfort, and cognitive function in educational buildings.
{"title":"Multi-domain interactions between indoor environmental quality, well-being and cognitive performance in smart educational spaces","authors":"Maximilian Günzel, Simon Stinglhammer, Werner Jensch","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) significantly affects cognitive performance and well-being in educational settings. This study examined multi-domain interactions between indoor climate parameters (CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, temperature, humidity) and user control in smart and non-smart classrooms. Over two semesters, master's students (mean age ≈ 24 years) participated in a ten-week FAIR-2 concentration test series. Linear mixed models and non-parametric analyses were applied to assess the influence of environmental factors and subjective well-being on cognitive performance. Results showed that smart-controlled rooms maintained lower CO<sub>2</sub> levels and more stable temperatures, improving concentration and perceived comfort, particularly during summer conditions. In contrast, higher winter temperatures correlated negatively with performance, potentially due to thermal discomfort and clothing insulation. The findings highlight the importance of adaptive smart systems and user feedback in optimizing indoor environments for health, comfort, and cognitive function in educational buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100878"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100851
Panpan Tang, Akbar A. Javadi, Raffaele Vinai
Despite increasing interest in calcium carbide residue (CCR)-based materials for soil stabilisation, the durability, leachability, and environmental impacts of stabilised soils remain insufficiently evaluated for applications. This study conducted wetting-drying cycle tests, tank leaching tests, and life cycle assessment (LCA) on soils stabilised with CCR alone, CCR combined with fly ash (CCR-FA), and alkaline activated CCR-FA. Soils stabilised with CCR lost integrity after two cycles, whereas CCR-FA and activated CCR-FA gained strength over seven cycles. All CCR-based stabilised soils released low concentrations of heavy metals within regulatory limits. CCR-FA effectively reduced the mobility of Cu, Cr, and As, while activated CCR-FA performed better for Pb. LCA results showed lower environmental impacts for CCR-based materials than conventional binders, with CCR-FA being the most sustainable. However, the environmental advantages of CCR and CCR–FA were strongly influenced by waste availability and energy sources. Overall, CCR-based materials demonstrate potential for eco-friendly soil stabilisation.
{"title":"Durability and environmental performance of calcium carbide residue-based materials in improving soft clay","authors":"Panpan Tang, Akbar A. Javadi, Raffaele Vinai","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite increasing interest in calcium carbide residue (CCR)-based materials for soil stabilisation, the durability, leachability, and environmental impacts of stabilised soils remain insufficiently evaluated for applications. This study conducted wetting-drying cycle tests, tank leaching tests, and life cycle assessment (LCA) on soils stabilised with CCR alone, CCR combined with fly ash (CCR-FA), and alkaline activated CCR-FA. Soils stabilised with CCR lost integrity after two cycles, whereas CCR-FA and activated CCR-FA gained strength over seven cycles. All CCR-based stabilised soils released low concentrations of heavy metals within regulatory limits. CCR-FA effectively reduced the mobility of Cu, Cr, and As, while activated CCR-FA performed better for Pb. LCA results showed lower environmental impacts for CCR-based materials than conventional binders, with CCR-FA being the most sustainable. However, the environmental advantages of CCR and CCR–FA were strongly influenced by waste availability and energy sources. Overall, CCR-based materials demonstrate potential for eco-friendly soil stabilisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100851"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100858
Zhiqiang Shang , Lin Chen , Wenliang Zhang , Md Mehedi Hasan , Limin Sun , Zhufeng Shao
Accurate and efficient measurement of cable forces is critical for the structural health monitoring and maintenance of cable-supported bridges. This study presents CableScan, a novel mobile sensing method that employs microwave radar mounted on a vehicle to rapidly acquire dynamic displacements of bridge cables. The mobile system moves along the bridge deck, for example on the emergency lane, stopping at specified positions to measure the displacement responses of cables within a cable plane before proceeding to the next station, thereby covering all cables of the bridge. A corresponding data processing procedure is provided to extract cable displacements, modal frequencies, and cable forces. In particular, the locally weighted scatterplot smoothing method is applied to remove displacement components resulting from bridge deck and vehicle motion. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, a detailed case study was conducted on an operational cable-stayed bridge. The results confirm the accuracy, efficiency, and practicality of the CableScan system for in-situ cable force assessment, with an average measurement time of less than one minute per cable. Moreover, the measurement data reveal the vibration modes of the entire bridge, highlighting the broad potential of the proposed system for comprehensive bridge inspection.
{"title":"CableScan: Rapid cable force assessment for cable-supported bridges using mobile microwave radar sensing","authors":"Zhiqiang Shang , Lin Chen , Wenliang Zhang , Md Mehedi Hasan , Limin Sun , Zhufeng Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and efficient measurement of cable forces is critical for the structural health monitoring and maintenance of cable-supported bridges. This study presents CableScan, a novel mobile sensing method that employs microwave radar mounted on a vehicle to rapidly acquire dynamic displacements of bridge cables. The mobile system moves along the bridge deck, for example on the emergency lane, stopping at specified positions to measure the displacement responses of cables within a cable plane before proceeding to the next station, thereby covering all cables of the bridge. A corresponding data processing procedure is provided to extract cable displacements, modal frequencies, and cable forces. In particular, the locally weighted scatterplot smoothing method is applied to remove displacement components resulting from bridge deck and vehicle motion. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, a detailed case study was conducted on an operational cable-stayed bridge. The results confirm the accuracy, efficiency, and practicality of the CableScan system for in-situ cable force assessment, with an average measurement time of less than one minute per cable. Moreover, the measurement data reveal the vibration modes of the entire bridge, highlighting the broad potential of the proposed system for comprehensive bridge inspection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100858"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100831
Nina Chi Johansson , Johan Rootzén , Santiago Escudero Carmona
Cement, a crucial material in the construction industry, contributes about 8 % of global greenhouse gas emissions. While substituting clinker with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is a key mitigation measure, SCM availability is expected to decline. In this work, a 2023–2050 scenario analysis predicts a decline in the supply of common SCMs in the EU, with fly ash supply decreasing from 8.5 Mt in 2025 to 1.9–2.7 Mt in 2035 and 0–1.1 Mt in 2045, and granulated blast furnace slag supply decreasing from 18 to 19 Mt in 2025 to 6.9–11.4 Mt in 2035 and 0–3.2 Mt in 2045. Thus, the supply of conventional SCMs will be insufficient to meet demand, even if demand for ordinary Portland cement is assumed to decline significantly in 2025–2045. Efforts to develop the production and logistics of alternatives in order to sustain a lower clinker-to-cement ratio are therefore needed.
{"title":"Concrete change: Exploring future scenarios for the supply of supplementary cementitious materials in the EU","authors":"Nina Chi Johansson , Johan Rootzén , Santiago Escudero Carmona","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cement, a crucial material in the construction industry, contributes about 8 % of global greenhouse gas emissions. While substituting clinker with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is a key mitigation measure, SCM availability is expected to decline. In this work, a 2023–2050 scenario analysis predicts a decline in the supply of common SCMs in the EU, with fly ash supply decreasing from 8.5 Mt in 2025 to 1.9–2.7 Mt in 2035 and 0–1.1 Mt in 2045, and granulated blast furnace slag supply decreasing from 18 to 19 Mt in 2025 to 6.9–11.4 Mt in 2035 and 0–3.2 Mt in 2045. Thus, the supply of conventional SCMs will be insufficient to meet demand, even if demand for ordinary Portland cement is assumed to decline significantly in 2025–2045. Efforts to develop the production and logistics of alternatives in order to sustain a lower clinker-to-cement ratio are therefore needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100831"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the European countries, the issue of combating climate change has become a matter of existence. Therefore, it is of extreme importance to present economic–based evidence for these countries' climate action. One emerging yet underexplored area is the environmental implications of the Economic Complexity Index (ECI), which reflects the knowledge intensity embedded in a country's production structure. Despite its relevance, studies examining the relationship between ECI and environmental degradation (ED) in the European context remain scarce. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating the impact of ECI on ED between 1995 and 2021, focusing on the European Union countries recognized for their environmental sustainability efforts. For this purpose, the relationship between ECI and two of the pioneer indicators of ED—ecological footprint (EFP) and carbon emissions (CO2)—is assessed through two separate models. To address the dynamic and heterogeneous structure of the relationship, the novel Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) approach is employed. Empirical evidence suggests that ECI contributes to ED, with a stronger impact observed on CO2 emissions than on EFP. Another key finding is that higher levels of ED limit the negative environmental effects of ECI. However, the robustness of the findings is confirmed using the Driscoll–Kraay (D–K) standard error estimator and also, the symmetric causality test of Dumitrescu–Hurlin (D–H). As global leaders in environmental initiatives, EU countries must guarantee the availability and variety of green financing sources to expedite the transition to sustainable production methods in sectors impacting the ECI index via the European Investment Bank and the EU Innovation Fund.
Policymakers can provide favorable tax incentives to industries that implement eco-friendly production methods to lower their expenses, thereby rewarding these industries and fostering acceptance of this strategy among sectors beyond this framework. Achieving higher ECI scores through the integration of renewable energy and green technologies is therefore essential for EU countries striving for a greener and more resilient future.
{"title":"Shining the dynamics of the Economic Complexity Index on the European Union's climate change strategy: Evidence from the novel approach of MMQR","authors":"Ömer Faruk Kömürcüoğlu , Elif Duygu Kömürcüoğlu , Sinem Koçak , Dilek Çi̇l , Çiğdem Karış , Aykut Fatih Güven , Mohit Bajaj , Vojtech Blazek","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the European countries, the issue of combating climate change has become a matter of existence. Therefore, it is of extreme importance to present economic–based evidence for these countries' climate action. One emerging yet underexplored area is the environmental implications of the Economic Complexity Index (ECI), which reflects the knowledge intensity embedded in a country's production structure. Despite its relevance, studies examining the relationship between ECI and environmental degradation (ED) in the European context remain scarce. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating the impact of ECI on ED between 1995 and 2021, focusing on the European Union countries recognized for their environmental sustainability efforts. For this purpose, the relationship between ECI and two of the pioneer indicators of ED—ecological footprint (EFP) and carbon emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>)—is assessed through two separate models. To address the dynamic and heterogeneous structure of the relationship, the novel Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) approach is employed. Empirical evidence suggests that ECI contributes to ED, with a stronger impact observed on CO<sub>2</sub> emissions than on EFP. Another key finding is that higher levels of ED limit the negative environmental effects of ECI. However, the robustness of the findings is confirmed using the Driscoll–Kraay (D–K) standard error estimator and also, the symmetric causality test of Dumitrescu–Hurlin (D–H). As global leaders in environmental initiatives, EU countries must guarantee the availability and variety of green financing sources to expedite the transition to sustainable production methods in sectors impacting the ECI index via the European Investment Bank and the EU Innovation Fund.</div><div>Policymakers can provide favorable tax incentives to industries that implement eco-friendly production methods to lower their expenses, thereby rewarding these industries and fostering acceptance of this strategy among sectors beyond this framework. Achieving higher ECI scores through the integration of renewable energy and green technologies is therefore essential for EU countries striving for a greener and more resilient future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100830"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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