Margins, concentration, and the performance of firms in international trade: Evidence from Japanese customs data

IF 2.6 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS Journal of the Japanese and International Economies Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jjie.2024.101340
Keiko Ito , Masahiro Endoh , Naoto Jinji , Toshiyuki Matsuura , Toshihiro Okubo , Akira Sasahara
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Abstract

This study is the first to comprehensively investigate international trade at the firm-level using Japan’s customs data for the 2014–2020 period. We first decompose international trade into the intensive and extensive margins and show that the intensive margin accounts for around 30% and 40% of the variation in partner country-specific exports and imports, respectively. We next find a substantial concentration of trading firms: in 2017, the top 10% of exporters accounted for 96.6% of all exports, while the top 10% of importers were responsible for 94.6% of all imports. Finally, we match the customs data with other firm-level datasets and estimate the performance premia of exporting firms. Our findings indicate that exporting manufacturing firms outperform non-exporting manufacturing firms in all aspects we consider: sales, value added, the number of employees, the capital-labor ratio, productivity, and wages. Interestingly, the exporter premia of manufacturing firms for value added, labor productivity, and total factor productivity decreased between 2014 and 2016 and then increased until 2019, whereas the exporter premium for the average wage steadily increased.
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边际利润、集中度和企业在国际贸易中的表现:来自日本海关数据的证据
本研究首次利用日本 2014-2020 年的海关数据对企业层面的国际贸易进行了全面调查。我们首先将国际贸易分解为密集边际和广泛边际,结果表明密集边际分别约占伙伴国出口和进口变化的 30% 和 40%。接下来,我们发现贸易公司高度集中:2017 年,排名前 10%的出口商占出口总额的 96.6%,而排名前 10%的进口商占进口总额的 94.6%。最后,我们将海关数据与其他企业层面的数据集进行了匹配,并估算了出口企业的绩效前提。我们的研究结果表明,出口制造业企业在销售额、附加值、员工数量、资本劳动比率、生产率和工资等所有方面的表现都优于非出口制造业企业。有趣的是,制造业企业在增加值、劳动生产率和全要素生产率方面的出口商溢价在 2014 年至 2016 年期间有所下降,然后在 2019 年之前有所上升,而平均工资方面的出口商溢价则稳步上升。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
36
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Japanese and International Economies publishes original reports of research devoted to academic analyses of the Japanese economy and its interdependence on other national economies. The Journal also features articles that present related theoretical, empirical, and comparative analyses with their policy implications. Book reviews are also published.
期刊最新文献
Editorial Board Intergenerational associations between paternal job loss and children's educational attainment in Japan Margins, concentration, and the performance of firms in international trade: Evidence from Japanese customs data Automation and disappearing routine occupations in Japan The effect of regional import shocks on job flows in Japanese manufacturing establishments
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