TRNSYS dynamic digital twin of hot and cold sensible thermal energy storages: An experimental calibration and validation approach

IF 8.9 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Journal of energy storage Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1016/j.est.2024.114700
Antonio Rosato , Mohammad El Youssef , Hussein Daoud , Ahmed Al-Salaymeh , Mohamed Gaber Ghorab
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Abstract

Sensible Thermal Energy Storages (STESs) are attracting significant interest thanks to the fact that they represent an effective solution to address the temporal mismatch between energy supply and energy demand. In this paper, a dynamic simulation model of typical STESs has been developed by using the software TRNSYS 18. The model has been calibrated and validated based on the data measured during a series of field experiments focused on both a hot as well as a cold vertical cylindrical 0.3 m3 STES equipped with a single internal heat exchanger (IHX). Furthermore, a simulation model has been developed to evaluate the impact of thermal stratification in tanks through the consideration of two distinct configurations, comprising 4 and 20 isothermal tank nodes. The experimental performances of the storages have been analyzed with reference to charging, discharging, simultaneous charging and discharging, natural heat up/cooldown tests, as well as typical daily operation to calibrate and validate the proposed model, providing key field data paving the way for future researches and developments of STESs. The simulation outputs have been compared with the experimental data by means of well-known statistical indicators. The comparison exhibited a good agreement in a wide range of operating conditions, with negligible differences between the 4-node and the 20-node configurations. In particular, the results highlighted reduced normalized root mean square deviations between experimental and simulated heat transfer fluid temperatures, with values ranging from 0.007 up to 0.141 in the case of the hot tank and varying between 0.007 and 0.333 in the case of the cold tank. In addition, acceptable percentage differences between predicted and field data in terms of daily energy during charging and discharging phases equal to −18.96 % and − 23.72 %, respectively, in the case of the hot tank and equal to 16.61 % and − 16.65 %, respectively, in the case of the cold tank have been recognized. The analysis underlined that the developed model accurately represents the dynamic and steady-state performance of both the hot and cold STESs, certifying its suitability in designing, analyzing as well as optimizing STES-based energy systems upon varying operating boundary scenarios.
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TRNSYS 动态数字孪生冷热显热蓄能器:实验校准和验证方法
合理热能储存器(STES)是解决能源供应与能源需求时间不匹配问题的有效解决方案,因此备受关注。本文使用 TRNSYS 18 软件开发了典型 STES 的动态模拟模型。该模型根据一系列现场实验中测量到的数据进行了校准和验证,实验的重点是一个装有单个内部热交换器(IHX)的 0.3 立方米热量和冷量垂直圆柱形 STES。此外,还开发了一个模拟模型,通过考虑由 4 个和 20 个等温槽节点组成的两种不同配置,评估槽中热分层的影响。对储能罐的实验性能进行了分析,包括充电、放电、同时充电和放电、自然升温/降温测试以及典型的日常运行,以校准和验证所提出的模型,为 STES 的未来研究和开发提供关键的现场数据。通过著名的统计指标将模拟输出与实验数据进行了比较。比较结果表明,在广泛的运行条件下,模拟结果与实验数据一致,4 节点和 20 节点配置之间的差异可以忽略不计。特别是,结果表明,实验和模拟的导热液体温度之间的归一化均方根偏差减小,热槽的偏差值从 0.007 到 0.141 不等,冷槽的偏差值从 0.007 到 0.333 不等。此外,预测值和现场数据在充放电阶段的日能量百分比差异也得到了认可,热水箱的差异分别为-18.96 %和-23.72 %,冷水箱的差异分别为 16.61 %和-16.65 %。分析结果表明,所开发的模型准确地反映了冷热蓄能系统的动态和稳态性能,证明该模型适用于设计、分析和优化基于冷热蓄能系统的能源系统,并适用于不同的运行边界情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of energy storage
Journal of energy storage Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
24.50%
发文量
2262
审稿时长
69 days
期刊介绍: Journal of energy storage focusses on all aspects of energy storage, in particular systems integration, electric grid integration, modelling and analysis, novel energy storage technologies, sizing and management strategies, business models for operation of storage systems and energy storage developments worldwide.
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