Evidence of Oxidative Stress as a Mechanism of Pharmaceutical-Induced Toxicity in Amphibians.

IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Antioxidants Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.3390/antiox13111399
Jesús Daniel Cardoso-Vera, Hariz Islas-Flores, Itzayana Pérez-Alvarez, Nidya Díaz-Camal
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Abstract

Amphibians, which are essential components of ecosystems, are susceptible to pharmaceutical contamination, a phenomenon of increasing concern owing to the widespread consumption and detection of pharmaceutical compounds in environmental matrices. This review investigates oxidative stress (OS) as the primary mechanism of drug toxicity in these organisms. The evidence gathered reveals that various pharmaceuticals, from antibiotics to anesthetics, induce OS by altering biomarkers of oxidative damage and antioxidant defense. These findings underscore the deleterious effects of pharmaceuticals on amphibian health and development and emphasize the necessity of incorporating OS biomarkers into ecotoxicological risk assessments. Although further studies on diverse amphibian species, drug mixtures, and field studies are required, OS biomarkers offer valuable tools for identifying sublethal risks. Furthermore, the development of more refined OS biomarkers will facilitate the early detection of adverse effects, which are crucial for protecting amphibians and their ecosystems. Ultimately, this review calls for continued research and mitigation strategies to safeguard biodiversity from pharmaceutical contamination.

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氧化应激作为两栖动物药物毒性机制的证据
两栖动物是生态系统的重要组成部分,它们很容易受到药物污染,由于环境基质中药物化合物的广泛消费和检测,这一现象日益受到关注。本综述将氧化应激(OS)作为这些生物体内药物毒性的主要机制进行研究。收集到的证据显示,从抗生素到麻醉剂等各种药物都会通过改变氧化损伤和抗氧化防御的生物标志物来诱发氧化应激。这些发现强调了药物对两栖动物健康和发育的有害影响,并强调了将OS生物标志物纳入生态毒理学风险评估的必要性。尽管还需要对不同的两栖动物物种、药物混合物和实地研究进行进一步的研究,但OS生物标志物为确定亚致死风险提供了宝贵的工具。此外,开发更精细的 OS 生物标志物将有助于及早发现不利影响,这对保护两栖动物及其生态系统至关重要。最后,本综述呼吁继续开展研究并制定缓解策略,以保护生物多样性免受药物污染。
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来源期刊
Antioxidants
Antioxidants Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Physiology
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
11.40%
发文量
2123
审稿时长
16.3 days
期刊介绍: Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921), provides an advanced forum for studies related to the science and technology of antioxidants. It publishes research papers, reviews and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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