A descriptive cross-sectional online survey of nursing and midwifery students and graduates' readiness to provide unplanned pregnancy and abortion care.
Jemma King, Joyce Cappiello, Lydia Mainey, Judith Dean, Mary-Claire Balnaves, Lisa Peberdy, Ann Peacock, Sandra Downing
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Abstract
Background: Our understanding of how nursing and midwifery students in Australia are prepared to support people in unintended pregnancy prevention and care is currently limited.
Objective: This study examined Australian nursing and midwifery students and recent graduates' perspectives on their preparation and confidence in providing unintended pregnancy prevention and care.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional online survey of nursing and midwifery students and graduates was undertaken. An invitation email with information sheet and link to the survey was sent to heads of departments at Australian universities for distribution to nursing and midwifery students. Social media platforms of professional organisations were used to promote the study to nurses and midwives within two years of graduation. The survey instrument was based on US educational competencies for unintended pregnancy prevention and care, adapted for the Australian context.
Results: Participants (N = 109) from 14 institutions completed the survey. The majority of (92%) expressed that nursing and midwifery graduates should possess unintended pregnancy prevention and care knowledge and skills. Five competencies, out of 29, were identified as taught as core curriculum by 50% or more of participants; reproductive anatomy and physiology (72%); effective communication skills encompassing culture, sexual orientation, and gender identity (58%), understanding how contraceptives work (54%), obtaining a sexual/reproductive history (53%), and identifying preconception health risks (50%). Students felt well prepared to provide independent care related to pregnancy testing (44%), pregnancy prevention (26%), sexual history taking (23%), ethical/legal considerations around abortion (9%), options counseling/referral (5%), and pre/post-abortion care (5%).
Conclusion: With the decriminalization of abortion care, the Australian nursing and midwifery workforce must prepare students to care for people in all aspects of pregnancy prevention, early pregnancy decision-making, and abortion services. Our data show students are interested in this preparation but the entry-to-practice curricula has not yet been standardized to enable this.
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