The effect of altered sleep timing on glycaemic outcomes: Systematic review of human intervention studies

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI:10.1111/dom.16104

Romy Slebe MSc, Jane J. Splinter MSc, Linda J. Schoonmade MSc, Denis P. Blondin PhD, David J. T. Campbell MD, André C. Carpentier PhD, Jean-Pierre Després PhD, Joris Hoeks PhD, Andries Kalsbeek PhD, Parminder Raina PhD, Patrick Schrauwen PhD, Mireille J. Serlie MD, Dirk Jan Stenvers PhD, Chun-Xia Yi PhD, Renée de Mutsert PhD, Joline W. J. Beulens PhD, Femke Rutters PhD

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Abstract

Aims

Alterations in sleep timing can lead to disturbances in glycaemic control, although the evidence is inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review summarizes results from human intervention studies of altered sleep timing on glycaemic outcomes.

Materials and Methods

As part of a broader search on the effect of altering timing of sleep, physical activity and dietary intake, Medline and Embase were searched from inception to February 2023, and subsequent reference searches were done. With the help of a machine learning–aided program ‘ASReview’, we selected any type of intervention study in the general adult population, which acutely delayed sleep by ≥2 h for at least one night, while the total time in bed was the same between early and late sleep. Quality assessment was done using the quality assessment tool for quantitative studies.

Results

In total, 14 studies (159 adults with normal or increased weight) were identified. Methodological quality was high (n = 4), moderate (n = 7) or low (n = 3). Acute delays of sleep onset showed unfavourable effects in 10 out of 27 measured glycaemic outcomes (one–six studies reported on each outcome) with outcomes mostly measured in the postprandial period, compared to (early) nighttime sleep.

Conclusions

Acutely delaying sleep timing might have unfavourable effects on glycaemic outcomes, compared to (early) nighttime sleep. Future research does however need better controlled trials, also measuring and controlling sleep quantity, sleep quality, physical activity and dietary intake, with longer follow-up periods, consistent outcomes and designs and more diverse populations to provide targeted advice regarding the optimal timing for sleep.

Protocol registration

This review is part of a larger search ‘The effect of altering timing of physical activity, sleep and energy intake on glycaemia and Type 2 Diabetes risk in humans’, of which the protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database on 27 November 2021 under number: CRD42021287828.

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改变睡眠时间对血糖结果的影响：人类干预研究的系统回顾。

目的：睡眠时间的改变可导致血糖控制紊乱，但相关证据并不一致。因此，本系统综述总结了改变睡眠时间对血糖结果的人类干预研究结果：作为对改变睡眠、体育锻炼和饮食摄入时间的影响进行广泛检索的一部分，对 Medline 和 Embase 进行了从开始到 2023 年 2 月的检索，并进行了后续的参考文献检索。在机器学习辅助程序 "ASReview "的帮助下，我们选择了在普通成年人群中进行的任何类型的干预研究，这些研究至少有一晚的睡眠时间急性延迟了≥2小时，而早睡和晚睡的总睡眠时间是相同的。质量评估采用定量研究质量评估工具进行：共确定了 14 项研究（159 名体重正常或增加的成年人）。方法学质量为高（4 项）、中（7 项）或低（3 项）。在 27 项测量的血糖结果中，有 10 项（每项结果有 1-6 项研究报告）显示睡眠开始时间的急性延迟会产生不利影响，与（早期）夜间睡眠相比，这些结果大多是在餐后测量的：结论：与（早期）夜间睡眠相比，急性延迟睡眠时间可能会对血糖结果产生不利影响。然而，未来的研究确实需要更好的对照试验，同时测量和控制睡眠数量、睡眠质量、体力活动和饮食摄入，并需要更长的随访期、一致的结果和设计以及更多样化的人群，以便就最佳睡眠时间提供有针对性的建议：本综述是 "改变体力活动、睡眠和能量摄入的时间安排对人类血糖和 2 型糖尿病风险的影响 "大型检索的一部分，该检索的协议已于 2021 年 11 月 27 日在 PROSPERO 数据库中注册，注册号为：CRD42021287828：CRD42021287828。

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来源期刊

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

6.90%

发文量

319

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism is primarily a journal of clinical and experimental pharmacology and therapeutics covering the interrelated areas of diabetes, obesity and metabolism. The journal prioritises high-quality original research that reports on the effects of new or existing therapies, including dietary, exercise and lifestyle (non-pharmacological) interventions, in any aspect of metabolic and endocrine disease, either in humans or animal and cellular systems. ‘Metabolism’ may relate to lipids, bone and drug metabolism, or broader aspects of endocrine dysfunction. Preclinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetic studies, meta-analyses and those addressing drug safety and tolerability are also highly suitable for publication in this journal. Original research may be published as a main paper or as a research letter.