The overlooked war in Northern Ethiopia: Examining psychological capital, mental distress, and post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in Amhara region.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY International Journal of Social Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI:10.1177/00207640241299357

Gezahegn Eshetu Mamed, Gashaye M Tefera, Mastewal Bitew, Mansoo Yu

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Abstract

Background: Conflict-induced displacement is a greater risk factor for mental health challenges, especially in countries where people have limited access to mental health services. This study examined the prevalence of mental distress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and their relationship with key demographic variables and psychological capital among conflict-induced Internally Displaced People (IDP) in the Wag-Hemra Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Methods: The study used a cross-sectional quantitative design, and simple random sampling was used to recruit 367 IDPs from the Weleh IDP camp in Sekota town. The Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ 12), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K 10), and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder-Civilian Version (PCL-C) scales were used to collect data. STATA version 2021 was used to analyze data.

Results: The prevalence of mental distress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was 63% and 48 %, respectively. Mental distress and PTSD were higher among female participants (M = 27.4, 45.7), those who experienced rape (M = 32.6, 55.5), witnessed murder (M = 25.2, 46.1), widowed (M = 30.9, 44.9), illiterate (M = 28.1%, 47.2), and adolescents (M = 27.6, 45.5). Stepwise regression analysis indicated that psychological capital is a significant negative predictor of mental distress and PTSD (p = .000), with 26% mental distress and 20.9% variance in PTSD accounting for psychological capital, with self-efficacy being the strongest predicting component of psychological capital.

Conclusion: The study underlined that mental health efforts should target enhancing psychological capital as the critical element in mitigating the psychological impacts of war and displacement. Training on improving self-efficacy, utilizing the solid spiritual and religious base of the IDP community to raise hope and optimism, and leveraging the communal culture to foster resilience could help reduce mental distress and the effects of PTSD among IDPs in the study area.

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埃塞俄比亚北部被忽视的战争：研究阿姆哈拉地区境内流离失所者的心理资本、精神痛苦和创伤后应激障碍。

背景：冲突导致的流离失所是造成心理健康挑战的更大风险因素，尤其是在人们获得心理健康服务的机会有限的国家。本研究调查了埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区瓦格-赫马拉区由冲突引发的境内流离失所者（IDP）中精神痛苦、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率及其与主要人口变量和心理资本的关系：研究采用横断面定量设计，从塞科塔镇 Weleh IDP 难民营中简单随机抽样招募了 367 名 IDP。研究采用心理资本问卷（PCQ 12）、凯斯勒心理压力量表（K 10）和创伤后应激障碍-平民版（PCL-C）量表收集数据。数据分析采用 STATA 2021 版：心理困扰和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率分别为 63% 和 48%。女性参与者（M=27.4，45.7）、经历过强奸（M=32.6，55.5）、目睹过谋杀（M=25.2，46.1）、丧偶（M=30.9，44.9）、文盲（M=28.1%，47.2）和青少年（M=27.6，45.5）的心理困扰和创伤后应激障碍发生率较高。逐步回归分析表明，心理资本对精神痛苦和创伤后应激障碍有显著的负向预测作用（p = .000），心理资本占精神痛苦和创伤后应激障碍方差的 26%和 20.9%，自我效能感是心理资本中最强的预测成分：研究强调，心理健康工作应以增强心理资本为目标，将其作为减轻战争和流离失所造成的心理影响的关键因素。提高自我效能感的培训、利用国内流离失所者社区坚实的精神和宗教基础来唤起希望和乐观情绪，以及利用社区文化来培养复原力，都有助于减少研究地区国内流离失所者的精神痛苦和创伤后应激障碍的影响。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Social Psychiatry PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

1.30%

发文量

120

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, established in 1954, is a leading publication dedicated to the field of social psychiatry. It serves as a platform for the exchange of research findings and discussions on the influence of social, environmental, and cultural factors on mental health and well-being. The journal is particularly relevant to psychiatrists and multidisciplinary professionals globally who are interested in understanding the broader context of psychiatric disorders and their impact on individuals and communities. Social psychiatry, as a discipline, focuses on the origins and outcomes of mental health issues within a social framework, recognizing the interplay between societal structures and individual mental health. The journal draws connections with related fields such as social anthropology, cultural psychiatry, and sociology, and is influenced by the latest developments in these areas. The journal also places a special emphasis on fast-track publication for brief communications, ensuring that timely and significant research can be disseminated quickly. Additionally, it strives to reflect its international readership by publishing state-of-the-art reviews from various regions around the world, showcasing the diverse practices and perspectives within the psychiatric disciplines. This approach not only contributes to the scientific understanding of social psychiatry but also supports the global exchange of knowledge and best practices in mental health care.