Trends in incidence, mortality and survival of gastric cancer in Xiamen, China from 2011 to 2020: A population-based study

Abstract

Background

Gastric cancer remains one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of death in China. This study aims to describe the incidence, mortality, survival rates, and their changing trends of gastric cancer in Xiamen, China from 2011 to 2020.

Methods

Population-based cancer registry data were used to calculate the incidence, mortality, and survival rates of gastric cancer. The study population consisted of gastric cancer patients diagnosed from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, and followed up until September 30, 2023. The relative survival of gastric cancer was calculated using period methods. The change in trends was analyzed using Joinpoint regression.

Results

From 2011–2020, a total of 4716 new cases of gastric cancer and 3520 related deaths were reported. The crude incidence rate and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) were 21.82/100,000 and 16.74/100,000. The crude mortality rate and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) were 16.29/100,000 and 12.30/100,000. The ASIR and ASMR in males (ASIR: 24.71/100,000, ASMR: 18.75/100,000) were both more than those in females (ASIR: 9.6/100,000, ASMR: 6.55/100,000). The observed 5-year survival rate was 25.83 %, with an age standardized survival of 27.60 %. The incidence and mortality of gastric cancer showed a decreasing trend, and the 5-year ARS between 2016 and 2020 (30.03 %, 95 %CI: 28.07–32.12 %) was higher than between 2011 and 2015 ( 24.79 %, 95 %CI: 22.53–27.27 %). Furthermore, the survival rate decreased with increasing age.

Conclusions

From 2011–2020, the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in Xiamen City have shown a decreasing trend, and the survival rate has significantly improved. Despite improved survival, the 5-year ARS remains low.