The impact of robots on unemployment duration: Evidence from the Chinese General Social Survey

Abstract

The issue of the impact of robot applications on unemployment duration remains relatively unexplored. Using individual-level data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), we shed new light on the effects of robots on unemployment likelihood and duration. Major findings include that: (1) robots prolong the duration of unemployment, particularly for workers in routine occupations compared with those in non-routine occupations. This phenomenon can be understood as a form of structural unemployment; (2) workers with low skills, low economic and occupational status, and parenting responsibilities suffer more from the robot shock. In particular, robots adversely affect women's careers, and traditional perceptions amplify this effect to dampen their willingness and efforts to search for job, resulting in longer periods of unemployment. These heterogeneous impacts of robots on unemployment duration highlight the need for greater support and policy interventions for vulnerable groups; (3) access to information from digital channels plays a pivotal role in alleviating the adverse impact of robots on vulnerable groups. Reducing information asymmetry and nurturing job search capabilities help the vulnerable better adapt to evolving labor market conditions, thereby mitigating the negative consequences of robots.