Effects of two phosphonamide flame retardants derived from biomass pyridine on flame retardancy and flame-retardant mechanism of Polyamide 6

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108616

Yanyan Li , Yikang Wang , Li Cui , Lie Zhao , Youyi Tian , Jiajia Shen , Junfeng Zhang , Huawei Xu , Meifang Zhu

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Abstract

Achieving favorable flame retardancy in polyamide 6 (PA6) without compromising its mechanical performance remains a challenge, with a notable gap in understanding the influence of flame-retardant structure on PA6 properties and mechanisms. In this study, two biomass-derived phosphonamide flame retardants, P,P-diphenyl-N-(pyridin-3-yl) phosphonamide (DPDA) and P,P-Diphenoxy-N-(pyridin-3-yl) phosphonamide (DPPA), were synthesized and incorporated into PA6 to develop flame retardant composites. Results demonstrated that the PA6-9DPDA, containing a P-C bond, achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating with a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of 27.9 %, while PA6-9DPPA, containing a P-O-C bond, maintained the UL-94 V-2 rating of pure PA6 but with an increased LOI of 29.4 %. DPPA exhibited a more favorable impact than DPDA on enhancing the tensile performance of PA6. Mechanisms indicated that DPDA primarily operates through vapor phase flame retardancy, whereas DPPA utilizes condensed phase flame retardancy. Overall, this study proposes a sustainable approach for fabricating PA6 composites with enhanced comprehensive performance.

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两种生物质吡啶类磷酰胺阻燃剂对聚酰胺6的阻燃性能及阻燃机理的影响

在不影响PA6力学性能的情况下实现良好的阻燃性能仍然是一个挑战，在了解阻燃结构对PA6性能和机理的影响方面存在明显的空白。本研究合成了两种生物质衍生的磷酰胺阻燃剂，P，P-二苯氧基- n-（吡啶-3-基）磷酰胺（DPDA）和P，P-二苯氧基- n-（吡啶-3-基）磷酰胺（DPPA），并将其掺入PA6中制备阻燃复合材料。结果表明，含有P-C键的PA6- 9dpda达到了UL-94 V-0等级，其极限氧指数（LOI）为27.9%，而含有P-O-C键的PA6- 9dppa保持了纯PA6的UL-94 V-2等级，但LOI提高了29.4%。DPPA对PA6拉伸性能的提高效果优于DPDA。机理表明，DPDA主要通过气相阻燃作用，而DPPA主要通过凝聚相阻燃作用。总的来说，本研究提出了一种可持续的方法来制造具有增强综合性能的PA6复合材料。

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来源期刊

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 工程技术-材料科学：复合

CiteScore

15.20

自引率

5.70%

发文量

492

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing is a comprehensive journal that publishes original research papers, review articles, case studies, short communications, and letters covering various aspects of composite materials science and technology. This includes fibrous and particulate reinforcements in polymeric, metallic, and ceramic matrices, as well as 'natural' composites like wood and biological materials. The journal addresses topics such as properties, design, and manufacture of reinforcing fibers and particles, novel architectures and concepts, multifunctional composites, advancements in fabrication and processing, manufacturing science, process modeling, experimental mechanics, microstructural characterization, interfaces, prediction and measurement of mechanical, physical, and chemical behavior, and performance in service. Additionally, articles on economic and commercial aspects, design, and case studies are welcomed. All submissions undergo rigorous peer review to ensure they contribute significantly and innovatively, maintaining high standards for content and presentation. The editorial team aims to expedite the review process for prompt publication.