Zeolite mitigates alternate wetting and drying – Induced potassium depletion and enhances potassium balance in rice paddies: A 6-year field study

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109690

Hongwei Han , Taotao Chen , Yongchao Su , Shu Zhang , Qing Zhao , Yidi Sun , Yikui Bai , Daocai Chi

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Abstract

Context or problem

Clinoptilolite zeolite, a class of crystalline inorganic porous material, has been shown to provide several benefits in field crops. However, there is limited information on field-aged effects of zeolite in relation to irrigation methods in rice.

Objective or research question

This study aimed to determine field-aged effects of zeolite on soil exchangeable K (SEK) and soil non-exchangeable K (NEK), K leaching, aboveground K uptake, water use efficiency (WUE), apparent K balance (AKB), soil K balance (SKB) and income of paddy field were analyzed under continuous flooding irrigation (CF) and alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD).

Methods

We conducted a six-year (2017–2022) field experiment with two irrigation regimes (CF and AWD) as main plots and zeolite addition at the rate of 0 (Z₀) and 10 (Z₁₀) t ha⁻¹ as subplots.

Results

The results showed that AWD significantly increased soil NEK (0.65 kg ha⁻¹ in 2022) and decreased AKB_2017–2019 (75.11 %), AKB_2017–2022 (76.26 %), SKB_2017–2019 (4.75 kg ha⁻¹) and SKB_2017–2022 (11.25 kg ha⁻¹), respectively. Zeolite addition to paddy fields could decrease K leaching loss, increase soil exchangeable K, K balances and net income endured for six years, especially under AWD. Compared to I_CFZ₀, I_AWDZ₀ respectively decreased apparent K balance (AKB_2017–2022) and soil K balance (SKB_2017–2022) by 19.73 % and 15.09 %. Compared to Z₀, Z₁₀ respectively increased AKB_2017–2019 and SKB_2017–2019 by 48.51 % and 243.61 % and respectively increased AKB_2017–2022 and SKB_2017–2022 by 47.47 % and 112.87 %. I_AWDZ₁₀ has the highest AKB both in 3-yr aged field and 6-yr aged field, the highest soil NEK in 6-yr aged field.

Conclusions

Overall, the combination of zeolite and AWD technology improved K balances and addressed the accelerated deficit of effective K in paddy fields under AWD. These positive effects persisted for 6 years, exceeding the originally observed 3-yr duration, suggesting zeolite has a long-life cycle and potential in rice production systems.

IMplications or significance

zeolite application can mitigate K depletion for at least six years, especially under AWD, promoting sustainable agriculture development and income of paddy field.

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来源期刊

Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

307

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.