Changes in the position of the inferior alveolar nerve after sagittal split ramus osteotomy and its effect on postoperative neurosensory disturbances

Abstract

Aim of the study

To analyze the positional changes of the inferior alveolar nerve after sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) and assess the impact of these changes on postoperative sensory nerve disturbances.

Material and methods

Preoperative and postoperative (one year) spiral CT scans were used to categorize the inferior alveolar nerve into the extended side (n = 30) and retrogressive side (n = 30). Measurement software was used to observe and measure positional changes of the mandibular nerve canal, followed by a comparative analysis.

Results

Post-surgical analysis revealed that the inferior alveolar nerve was displaced laterally and superiorly on the extended side, and medially and inferiorly on the retrogressive side, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between nerve displacement in the first molar region and sensory nerve impairment (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Significant positional changes in the inferior alveolar nerve were observed post-surgery, particularly on the extended migration side, with these changes being correlated with the occurrence of neurological symptoms.