Associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and fractional exhaled nitric oxide among United States adults: A cross-sectional study

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI:10.1002/jpen.2708

Yinghong Wang MD, Xiaolian Song MD, PhD, Min Tan MD, PhD

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Abstract

Background

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNo) is a convenient and noninvasive test that measures the concentration of nitric oxide in exhalation as a surrogate biomarker of airway inflammation. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and FeNo in US adults.

Methods

Adults participating in the 2007–2012 cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with complete information and available measurement data of DII and FeNo were included. Associations between DII and FeNo were assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, stratified analysis, and sensitivity analysis.

Results

A total of 7677 participants (mean age 45.68 years, 53.03% men) with a mean DII of 1.28 and FeNo of 17.33 ppb were included. The multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis showed that a one-unit increase in DII was associated with a 0.283-ppb reduction in FeNo level. The beta and 95% CI for the second, third, and fourth DII quartile groups were −1.19 (−2.04 to −0.35), −1.07 (−2.26 to 0.12), and −1.60 (−2.85 to −0.36), respectively (P for trend = 0.04), with the lowest quartile group as the reference. The restricted cubic spline curve showed an inversely linear relationship between DII and FeNo. The study result is robust and did not appear to be affected by the participant's age, sex, race, body mass index, physical activity, diabetes status, or white blood cell or eosinophil counts.

Conclusion

A proinflammatory diet, as indicated by a higher DII, is cross-sectionally associated with lower FeNo levels in US adults.

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美国成年人饮食炎症指数与呼出一氧化氮分数之间的关系：一项横断面研究。

背景：呼气一氧化氮分数（FeNo）是一种方便且无创的检测方法，可测量呼气中一氧化氮的浓度，作为气道炎症的替代生物标志物。本横断面研究旨在确定美国成年人饮食炎症指数（DII）和FeNo之间的关系。方法：纳入2007-2012年美国国家健康与营养调查周期中具有完整信息和可获得的DII和FeNo测量数据的成年人。采用单变量和多变量logistic回归模型、受限三次样条分析、分层分析和敏感性分析评估DII和FeNo之间的相关性。结果：共纳入7677名参与者（平均年龄45.68岁，男性53.03%），平均DII为1.28，FeNo为17.33 ppb。多变量调整线性回归分析显示，DII增加1个单位与FeNo水平降低0.283 ppb相关。第二、第三、第四个DII四分位数组的beta和95% CI分别为-1.19（-2.04 ~ -0.35）、-1.07（-2.26 ~ 0.12）和-1.60 (-2.85 ~ -0.36)(P为趋势= 0.04)，以最低四分位数组为参考。限制三次样条曲线显示DII与FeNo呈反线性关系。研究结果是可靠的，似乎不受参与者的年龄、性别、种族、体重指数、身体活动、糖尿病状况、白细胞或嗜酸性粒细胞计数的影响。结论：促炎饮食，如较高的DII所示，与美国成年人较低的FeNo水平横断面相关。

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来源期刊

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

8.80%

发文量

161

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (JPEN) is the premier scientific journal of nutrition and metabolic support. It publishes original peer-reviewed studies that define the cutting edge of basic and clinical research in the field. It explores the science of optimizing the care of patients receiving enteral or IV therapies. Also included: reviews, techniques, brief reports, case reports, and abstracts.