Understanding the Interaction Between Family Dynamics and Childhood Obesity in the Middle Eastern Population: A Qualitative Study.

Abstract

Objective(s): We aim to understand the interaction between family dynamics and lifestyle behaviors of school-age children with overweight or obesity in Oman. The outcomes would clarify the mediating familial determinants that contribute to childhood obesity in the Middle East population.

Design: A qualitative phenomenological approach.

Sample: Mothers of school-age children with overweight or obesity.

Measurements: Semi-structured interviews were conducted following an interview guide, and thematic analysis was used to identify key themes and subthemes.

Results: The study identified three main themes based on data collected from 12 participants. The first theme, "Children's Lifestyle Behaviors," highlighted the need to address unhealthy food consumption, low physical activity, and inconsistent sleeping habits. The second theme, "Parenting Lifestyle behaviors," underscored the importance of regaining control over children's eating behaviors, fostering shared interest in outdoor activities, and establishing a consistent sleep routine. Lastly, the third theme, "Determinants of Parenting Lifestyle Behaviors," identified factors such as parental stress, the high cost of healthy options, cultural influence on healthy eating, limited outdoor activity options, and the availability of unhealthy snacks in schools.

Conclusion: Our study underscores the need for family-centered obesity programs that address several determinants of parenting lifestyle behaviors, including psychological, financial, social, and environmental challenges.