Public Health Nursing最新文献

Introduction: Much primary prevention in public health dentistry depends on parents' having accurate knowledge about pediatric oral health. In areas with minimal education levels and few oral health professionals, information on this topic is available from the widespread use of the social medial resource YouTube. This study assessed the quality and viewer engagement of YouTube Arabic videos on pediatric oral health practices.

Methods: Using standard procedures to search YouTube, we identified Arabic-language pediatric oral health videos. A social media content analysis was conducted and videos analyzed for viewer engagement metrics, country of origin, and creator occupation. The DISCERN instrument was used to evaluate video quality, reliability, and information quality; statistical correlations were examined between these parameters and video statistics.

Results: A majority of the 47 videos that were identified originated from Egypt and were created by pediatric dentists, attracting an average of 13,328.7 views and 218.7 likes. Quality assessment found 61.7% of videos with moderate quality; 63.8% had only medium levels of reliability (63.8%) and 63.8% medium information quality (63.8%); only a minor segment achieving high reliability and information quality. Correlation analysis revealed a positive but weak association between DISCERN scores and viewer engagement metrics (e.g., likes, comments, views), suggesting that while better quality videos tend to engage more viewers, other factors also contribute to engagement. Additionally, a stronger correlation was noted between the overall quality of videos and both information quality and reliability, indicating that videos with higher-quality content were perceived as more reliable and informative by viewers.

Conclusion: While a significant volume of pediatric oral health content is available online, variability in quality highlights the need for stringent evidence-based standards to ensure the provision of reliable, quality educational materials.

Objective: This study aimed to develop essential individual care needs assessment (EICNA) items and evaluate the validity of that judgment.

Design: We used a sequential two-phase design for this study.

Methods: Item selection was conducted using φ coefficients between these items' values and the care need levels and discussions with supervisory PHNs. Phase 1 was a cross-sectional, nationwide survey of 275 mid-level public health nurses (PHNs) from 196 municipalities in Japan (December 2022 to January 2023), including 46 potential EICNA items. In Phase 2, PHNs piloted the EICNA items in clinical settings, entering data into a web-based system that used an algorithm to determine care need levels based on the weighted sum of 21 items (August 2023 to January 2024). Thereafter, the PHNs evaluated the appropriateness of the algorithm's judgments.

Results: Twenty-one essential items were identified. Among 1867 cases, care need levels were categorized as low (n = 1008, 54.0%), moderate (n = 652, 34.9%), and high (n = 207, 11.1%), with 94.9% of PHNs considered the algorithm's classifications appropriate.

Conclusion: Twenty-one EICNA items were identified to assess the care needs, and the level of care needs determined by the weighted sum of these items was deemed appropriate by PHNs.

Trial registration: UMIN000051509 (https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/; August 1, 2023).

Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the macroscopical and microscopical placental findings in term singleton stillbirths at a selected public hospital.

Methods: A quantitative non-experimental observational descriptive study was conducted by examining the placentas of 89 term singleton stillbirth babies in the labor ward for macroscopic lesions. A data collection tool was used to capture clinical data from patient files on variables of interest related to placental lesions for stillbirth cases. The IBM SPSS Statistics version 28 package was used to analyze the data.

Results: A significant relationship was found between the following variables (p < 0.05): stillbirth and number of antenatal care visits (p = 0.0035); birth weight and mid-upper arm circumference (p = 0.013); birth weight and maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) (p = 0.001); birth weight and birth attendant (p = 0.034); type of stillbirth and birth attendant (p = 0.033); type of stillbirth and previous obstetric history (p = 0.038); cord insertion and smoking/substance abuse (p = 0.012); cord insertion and hemoglobin (p = 0.029); cord length and meconium histiocytes (p = 0.031); cord diameter and syphilis (p = 0.030); placental weight and onset of labor (p = 0.012); placental weight and fetal vascular malperfusion (FVM) (p = 0.004); color of membranes and maternal inflammatory response (MIF) (p = 0.002); color of membranes and meconium histiocytes (p = 0.000), and color of membranes and syphilis (p = 0.053).

Conclusion: The study provides essential insights into the placental findings associated with term singleton stillbirths in the Emalahleni Sub-District. Examination of the placenta may help to define the causes in more than 90% of stillbirth cases, inform the research, and decrease stillbirth rates.

Objectives: To conduct a review based on studies that have investigated nursing students' experiences of and attitudes to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

Design: A scoping review.

Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Sciences databases covering the years 2014-2024. Seventeen studies were included.

Results: Six themes emerged from an inductive process of data interpretation: Influence of demographic and institutional factors, impact of educational programs, integration of sustainability into nursing curricula, educational interventions, barriers to sustainable nursing practices, and enablers of sustainable nursing practices.

Conclusion: Demographic factors influence students' attitudes toward SDG-focused education. Prior training and experiential learning improve knowledge and attitudes. Despite feeling underprepared, nursing students often seek information independently. Effective education should integrate practical applications and address barriers like confidence and time. Expanding awareness and professional development are key to promoting sustainable practices.

Objective: To determine the effect of online sustainable nutrition education (SNE) on sustainable eating behaviors and anthropometric measurements in women.

Design: In the research, a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used for groups that were subjected to two different trainings.

Sample: In the education group, 34 and in the control group, 51 women that between the ages of 19-50 years from six Women's Education and Culture Centers of Ankara Altındağ Municipality.

Intervention: After the pretest, the Healthy Nutrition Education (HNE) group received one session of education on "healthy eating" in the second week of the study, while the SNE group received one session of education on "healthy eating" in the second week and "sustainable nutrition" in the third and fourth weeks. Participants were given SNE and its effectiveness was evaluated after 10 weeks.

Results: At the end of 10 weeks, body fat percentage decreased significantly from 35.0 ± 6.7 to 33.7 ± 6.8 in the SNE group (p = 0.007). In addition, muscle mass (kg) increased significantly from 43.4[6] to 44.7[5.2] in the SNE group (p = 0.001). When covariance analysis was performed by correcting for body mass index, the group factor had an effect on body fat percentage and muscle mass (p = 0.035 and p = 0.007, respectively). After 10 weeks, the SNE group had a higher Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale mean score (p = 0.013), seasonal foods and avoiding food waste (p = 0.044), animal health (p = 0.003), reducing meat consumption (p = 0.022), healthy and balanced nutrition (p = 0.031), and low fat (p < 0.001) scores compared to HNE group.

Conclusions: The dissemination of structured nutrition education for women is important for individuals and, thus, society to acquire and maintain positive eating practices that have an impact on physical health.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the health status and eldercare needs of elderly people in urban Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

Methods: Using an online questionnaire, 2057 elderly people aged >60 years in Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, were enrolled for analysis following data collection.

Results: The major source of financial support was retirement pension, with spouse's income accounting for a relatively low proportion. Moreover, >60% of elderly people had financial support of <3000 yuan per month. The proportion of elderly people suffering from chronic diseases reached 64.95%; only 35.44% had a good understanding of the disease they suffered from, and only 42.34% said they received convenient medical treatment. Furthermore, over 10% of elderly people could not take full care of themselves in various daily activities, and the main daily caregivers were spouses and children, with less care provided by the community or through other means.

Conclusion: This study found that the financial support, medical care, and daily care needs of elderly people in China have not been well met in terms of the current degree of satisfaction with eldercare services. Findings in this study suggest that the development of eldercare services should be accelerated from the five aspects of concept advocacy, resource integration, institutional preparation, eldercare environment, and social support.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of education given to eighth-grade adolescents in a primary school with health belief model (HBM)-based creative drama techniques on health locus of control (HLC) and smoking perception.

Method: This randomized controlled study was conducted between January and December 2019 in two primary schools in the Erzurum city center, Türkiye. The study included 80 eighth-grade students, who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 40) or the control group (n = 40) The experimental group received six sessions of creative drama training based on the HBM. Data collection instruments included the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) and the Decisional Balance Scale for Children (DBSC). Pre- and post-test measurements were taken for both groups to assess changes in HLC and smoking perception. Statistical analyses were performed using repeated measures ANOVA to examine within-group changes over time and between-group differences, allowing us to understand the precise effect of the intervention across time points. Additionally, descriptive statistics were used to report means and standard deviations for all variables. No protocol registration number was available for this study at the time of its execution.

Results: The students in the experimental group showed a significant increase in the internal control sub-dimension of the HLC (t = -5.090, p < 0.001) and a decrease in the external control sub-dimension (U = -3.369, p < 0.001). For the Decisional Balance Scale, there was a significant decrease in the pros sub-dimension (t = -5.535, p < 0.001) and an increase in the cons sub-dimension (U = -3.934, p < 0.001). In the control group, only the pre-test mean score for the chance/fate sub-dimension was higher (p < 0.05). The repeated measures ANOVA confirmed significant within-group changes in the experimental group: an increase in internal locus of control and a decrease in external locus of control. Smoking perception also showed significant changes, with a decrease in the pros sub-dimension and an increase in the cons sub-dimension, validating the intervention's effectiveness.

Conclusion: When creative drama practices are used together with the HBM, it caused a positive change in the HLC and the perception of cons toward smoking.

Background: While adolescents are an at-risk group that is in a process of developmental crisis and requires guidance for adjustment. They may be traumatized by challenging conditions due to the negative experiences they are socially exposed to. Having to work is one of the most important social problems that increases the risk situation of this group. Roy's Adaptation Model is also quite suitable for use in interventions and research addressing developmental groups. It is believed that the adaptation of the individual to a new situation in their life contributes to their capacity to improve their health and increase their quality of life.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of a Health Education Program based on Roy's Adaptation Model on the healthy lifestyle behaviors and self-esteem levels of working adolescents.

Design: This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial.

Method: The study was conducted at a vocational training center in Turkey between March 14 and June 13, 2022. The sample consisted of 66 adolescents aged 14-18 years (intervention: 30; control: 36) trained at the Vocational Apprenticeship and Training Center. The adolescents in the intervention group participated in an 8-session program for 4 weeks. Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Data collection took place before the program started, immediately after its completion, and 3 months later. This document was prepared in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials (CONSORT) guidelines.

Results: A significant difference was found between the intervention and control groups in favor of the intervention group in terms of their Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II scores in the 2nd measurement and their RSE score in the 3rd measurement.

Conclusion: The Health Education Program based on Roy's Adaptation Model is effective in increasing the healthy lifestyle behaviors and self-esteem of working adolescents.

Patient or public contribution: No patient or public contribution.

Impact: Roy's Adaptation Model can provide a conceptual framework for holistic studies to promote health for developmental groups.

Background: Stroke is a common disease that poses a significant threat to human health. Approximately one-third of stroke patients experience poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), which severely impacts their quality of life and survival time. Although the prevalence and risk factors for PSCI have been widely reported, these results have not been synthesized.

Objectives: This systematic review was conducted to explore the prevalence and risk factors of PSCI.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched for studies exploring the prevalence and risk factors of PSCI from inception to July 5, 2022.

Results: A total of 49 articles were included for meta-analysis. It was found that the combined prevalence of PSCI was 39%-47%. Risk factors for PSCI include female gender, age, education level less than 7 years, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, smoking, drinking, hypertension, coronary artery disease, carotid artery plaque, admission NIHSS score ≥ 5, unemployment, and homocysteine.

Conclusions: This systematic review has revealed a combined prevalence of PSCI is ranging from 39% to 47% and identified several risk factors for PSCI. These findings indicate a high incidence of the condition and underscore the need for increased public awareness. Future investigations should prioritize the identification of PSCI risk factors, providing a theoretical basis for nursing professionals to effectively manage and treat PSCI patients.

Background: Effective disease management is crucial for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients as it can significantly reduce disease-associated symptoms. Currently, the utilization of mobile applications for managing RA patients has gained widespread popularity in clinical settings. However, there is a notable absence of a comprehensive meta-analysis exploring their effectiveness specifically in the context of RA patients.

Objective: The purpose of our research was to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile app-based care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: We searched eight databases, including CNKI and PubMed, for randomized controlled trials on the implementation of care for RA patients by mobile apps. This search encompassed a timeframe ranging from the inception of the databases to December 1, 2023. Two researchers reviewed the literature and gathered data based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the study was evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook version 5.1.0. The meta-analysis was carried out using Revman5.4. software.

Results: Eight articles encompassing 3175 patients were retrieved for analysis. Over one-half of the research was from China, duration of the intervention was 6 weeks to 12 months, and eight included studies were of moderate quality. The meta-analysis revealed that mobile app-based care was effective in relieving disease activity, relieving pain, and improving patients' quality of life, however, the impact on self-management was not clear.

Conclusion: Mobile app-based care has proven effective in reducing disease activity, alleviating joint pain, and improving quality of life in RA patients. Nonetheless, an in-depth study is recommended to clarify the potential of these interventions for self-management.

Trial registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; Registration number: CRD CRD42024498623.