Adverse Childhood Experiences, Quality of Life and the Mediating Roles of Self-Efficacy and Self-Directedness in Youth Residential Care Leavers

IF 2.8 3区社会学 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Applied Research in Quality of Life Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1007/s11482-024-10392-z

Milou Leiting, Katharina Beck, David Bürgin, Jörg M. Fegert, Nils Jenkel, Cyril Boonmann, Klaus Schmeck, Alexander Grob, Marc Schmid

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Abstract

Purpose

Young people in youth residential care report high rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), e.g., abuse and neglect in their families. Various studies show ACEs to impair social participation and mental health, whereas less is known about how ACEs are associated with quality of life (QoL). The aim of the current study is to (1) evaluate the association between ACEs and psychological, physical, social, and environmental QoL in young adult care leavers, and (2) to examine how self-efficacy and self-directedness mediate this association.

Methods

179 formerly out-of-home placed young adults (M_age = 26.5, 33.4% women, response rate = 30.3%) were queried at baseline with the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory Revised (JTCI 12-18-R) and at a 10-year follow-up with the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (WHOQoL-BREF).

Results

Prevalence rates for ACEs were high, with 87.2% of participants experiencing at least one type of ACE. Cumulative ACEs were associated with lower QoL in all four domains. Self-efficacy (β = -0.111, [-0.187, -0.044]) and self-directedness (β = -0.052, [-0.123, -0.004]) partially mediated the association between severity of ACEs and overall QoL.

Conclusions

ACEs increase the risk for a lower QoL of young adult care leavers. Results underline the importance of prevention and early intervention efforts for troubled young people and their families, as well as the importance of pedagogical work during residential care. Additional to research on functional outcomes, studies investigating well-being and quality of life in this at-risk populations are needed.

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青少年不良童年经历、生活品质及自我效能感与自我导向的中介作用

目的青少年寄宿照料的青少年报告童年不良经历（ace）的发生率很高，例如家庭中的虐待和忽视。各种研究表明，不良经历会损害社会参与和心理健康，而对不良经历与生活质量（QoL）之间的关系知之甚少。本研究的目的是(1)评估青年护理离校者的不良经历与心理、生理、社会和环境生活质量的关系，以及(2)研究自我效能感和自我指导感如何在这种关系中起中介作用。方法对179名曾经被安置在家庭外的年轻人（年龄为26.5岁，女性占33.4%，应答率为30.3%）进行基线性问卷调查（JTCI 12-18-R），并进行10年随访（MACE）量表、一般自我效能量表（GSE）和世界卫生组织生活质量问卷（WHOQoL-BREF）。结果ACE的患病率较高，87.2%的参与者至少经历过一种ACE。在所有四个领域中，累积ace与较低的生活质量相关。自我效能（β = -0.111,[-0.187, -0.044]）和自我指导（β = -0.052,[-0.123, -0.004]）在不良反应严重程度与总体生活质量之间起部分介导作用。结论离职青年生活质量降低的风险增加。结果强调了对问题青少年及其家庭进行预防和早期干预的重要性，以及在寄宿照料中开展教学工作的重要性。除了对功能结果的研究外，还需要对这些高危人群的福祉和生活质量进行调查研究。

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来源期刊

Applied Research in Quality of Life SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： The aim of this journal is to publish conceptual, methodological and empirical papers dealing with quality-of-life studies in the applied areas of the natural and social sciences. As the official journal of the ISQOLS, it is designed to attract papers that have direct implications for, or impact on practical applications of research on the quality-of-life. We welcome papers crafted from interdisciplinary, inter-professional and international perspectives. This research should guide decision making in a variety of professions, industries, nonprofit, and government sectors, including healthcare, travel and tourism, marketing, corporate management, community planning, social work, public administration, and human resource management. The goal is to help decision makers apply performance measures and outcome assessment techniques based on concepts such as well-being, human satisfaction, human development, happiness, wellness and quality-of-life. The Editorial Review Board is divided into specific sections indicating the broad scope of practice covered by the journal. The section editors are distinguished scholars from many countries across the globe.