Applied Research in Quality of Life最新文献

People’s subjective wellbeing is influenced by the built environment, including housing and neighbourhood characteristics. Consistent with prior literature, we find that wellbeing is associated with the condition of a resident’s house (particularly dampness and cold) and with the resident’s perception of their neighbourhood (especially relating to social capital and safety). We show also that the form of tenure (public rental, private rental, owner-occupier) has a material impact on subjective wellbeing. Identical people in identical settings may have different wellbeing outcomes depending on their security of housing tenure. Our findings utilise a survey administered to residents in public rental housing, private rentals and owner-occupiers in New Zealand, focusing on the capital city, Wellington. Despite selection effects, which are likely to bias findings against higher wellbeing for public housing tenants, we find that public tenants have higher subjective wellbeing (WHO-5 and life satisfaction) than do private tenants, and similar wellbeing to owner-occupiers. Length of tenure helps to explain wellbeing differences between public and private tenants, likely reflecting New Zealand law under which private renters have insecure tenure.

Racism and microaggressions remain a formidable challenge for racialized students within the Canadian educational system, significantly hindering their educational attainment. This paper presents an overview of the findings stemming from a qualitative study that delved into the repercussions of microaggressions within the classroom on racialized students in a Canadian university. The study employed a semi-structured interview guide for data collection, with the goal of shedding light on the experiences and effects of racism within the classroom. The study's results underscore the profound impact of microaggressions on racialized students, revealing a cascade of mental and emotional challenges triggered by these experiences. Furthermore, the research exposes how microaggressions can profoundly disrupt students' sense of belonging and dampen their level of engagement and participation in class activities. By contributing to the existing body of literature on racism in university settings, this study provokes important questions about the tangible manifestation of inclusivity and diversity values in the everyday dynamics of the classroom. It highlights a critical need for academic institutions to go beyond rhetoric and implement tangible measures that foster a truly inclusive and equitable educational environment. This study's implications extend to the domain of learning for racialized students, emphasizing the need to address microaggressions and racism within the classroom to ensure that all students have an equal opportunity to thrive within the academic sphere. The study encourages further exploration of these issues and calls for proactive steps to create an educational landscape where diversity is celebrated and microaggressions find no place.

Parental aggravation and negative parenting are associated with more child behavioral problems. However, few studies have simultaneously examined the multiple dimensions of parenting behaviors, and extant studies that examined the mediating effects of parental punishment and warmth simultaneously have shown inconsistent results. This study aims to explore the mediating roles of multidimensional parenting behaviors in the association between parental aggravation and child externalizing problems, as well as the serial mediating effect of child self-control among young children in Singaporean from a nationally representative sample. The sample included 3,964 children (Mean age = 3.43 years; 49.82% girls) from the Wave 1 (2018–2019) and Wave 2 (2020–2021) of the Singapore Longitudinal Early Development Study (SG-LEADS). A serial mediation model was employed in the analysis. We found that parenting behaviors and child self-control sequentially mediated the relationship between parental aggravation and child externalizing problems. Moreover, both negative and positive parenting behaviors functioned as mediators in this relationship. This study significantly contributes to the existing literature on parenting and child development by simultaneously examining parental aggravation, parenting behaviors, child self-control, and child externalizing problems in an Asian context. Findings encouraged early intervention programs to not only reduce parental stress and enhance parenting skills, but also foster positive child outcomes.

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in studies aimed at investigating the relationships between cyberbullying and subjective well-being (SWB) among adolescent populations. Nonetheless, the existing literature on this topic remains relatively sparse. Consequently, this study aims to explore the prospective associations of these constructs through the application of psychometric network analysis. Two cross-lagged network analyses were conducted (Wave 1 and Wave 2), alongside a longitudinal network analysis, encompassing 888 students aged 12 to 16 years (M = 12.61; SD = 1.79) from five secondary educational institutions. The results from both cross-lagged networks at both time points revealed significant associations among overall life satisfaction (OLS) and the various domains of life satisfaction, thereby reinforcing the central role of OLS within the network architecture of adolescent well-being. Regarding the affective component of SWB, “happy” emerged as the affect demonstrating the highest level of influence and impact at both time points. Additionally, a robust temporal consistency of the network structure was observed. In the longitudinal network analysis, the trajectories of the variables across time indicated that forms of cyberbullying, specifically “exclusion” and “harassment,” were prospectively and negatively related to “satisfaction with friends” and “satisfaction with body image.” The results of these findings are discussed in terms of their practical implications for the prevention and intervention of cyberbullying in adolescent population.

While findings have documented the association between emotional intelligence, life satisfaction, and suicidal ideation among adolescents, few studies have investigated the moderating effect of family climate on the association. This study examined the moderating effect of family cohesion, expressiveness, and conflict on the relationships between emotional intelligence, life satisfaction, and suicidal ideation among Spanish adolescents. A total of 2,722 adolescents aged 12 to 18 (M_age = 14.11, SD = 1.42, 52.8% girls) formed the sample. The interaction effects were significant, with family conflict mitigating the effects of emotional intelligence on life satisfaction, and family cohesion and expressiveness strengthening the effects of emotional intelligence on suicidal ideation. These findings provide additional evidence for the protective role of family cohesion and expressiveness in adolescent suicidal ideation, and the harmful role of family conflict in adolescent wellbeing. The results imply that enhancing family cohesion and expressiveness and reducing family conflict may be a promising way to boost the link between emotional intelligence and life satisfaction and to prevent suicidal ideation among adolescents.

To retire comfortably with one’s well-being ensured is a common goal. The transition to retirement potentially introduces a destabilising element towards one’s financial, health, emotional, cognitive, motivational, and social resources. This paper examines the relationships between these components of the retirement resources inventory, home environment, quality marriage and subjective well-being which consists of life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect and happiness elements. The study utilized the purposive sampling method where questionnaires were administered to 650 retirees at senior activity centers with high memberships and at states with high old-age dependency ratios. The respondents’ demographics reflect Malaysia’s ethnic composition, with half of them with secondary education. The constructs were developed using exploratory factor analysis and further confirmed through structural equation modelling (partial least squares). Analysis indicates that all seven retirement resources significantly contribute to retirees’ subjective well-being. Retirees’ subjective well-being is strongly related to having a home environment that is elderly friendly. Quality marriage mediates the relationship between retirement resources inventory and subjective well-being, as marriages mean more financial and social resources are pooled together in addition to the positive emotions that exist in the union. The findings implied that relevant authorities should increase institutional and public awareness of the urgency for future retirees to prepare, maintain as well as gain these retirement resources before they reach retirement age. This allows for the retired population to better cope with challenges brought by ageing and old age as Malaysia moves rapidly towards becoming an aged nation by the year 2044.

This paper explores the relationship between society-related fears and personal mental health. Respondents of an online survey representing the German population (18 + years) answered how much they are worried about eight societal developments (armed conflicts, social inequality, rise of right-wing extremism, crime and terror, immigration, climate change, artificial intelligence, pandemics). The analysis demonstrate that the sum score of society-related fears is significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression. Particularly concerns about poverty, digitalization and pandemics are associated with higher anxiety and depression scores. Further explorations show that specific fears are intermingled with political ideologies, i.e. people fear different societal developments according to their ideological standpoints. Politically left-leaning individuals regard climate change and rising right-wing extremism as more threatening, while politically right-leaning individuals’ fears relate more strongly to migrants, terror and crime. The fears with the largest negative effect on mental health are poverty and armed conflicts for individuals who identify as left and digitalization for individuals who identify as right. Overall, findings lend support to the general notion that the world’s current ‘polycrisis’ is highly relevant and generally detrimental for mental health and human wellbeing.

This study examines the effects of early youth unemployment and career unemployment on young adults’ self-esteem and quality of life using the survey data from the Youth Panel of the Korea Employment Information Service collected from 2007 to 2020. The study found a stigma effect that increases the probability of career unemployment as the duration of early unemployment experienced by young adults in the entry into the labor market increases. The duration of unemployment negatively affects self-esteem, confirming a psychological stigma effect that alters the psychosocial status of individuals. In addition, unemployment duration harms the quality of life of young adults, confirming that joblessness leads to increased dissatisfaction and a decline in quality of life in many domains. Further, subsequent unemployment experiences of young adults later in their careers exacerbate the negative impact of early unemployment on self-esteem and quality of life. This study demonstrates that youth unemployment is not only a temporary setback for individuals who are not economically active but also a mechanism that exacerbates the subsequent significant socioeconomic costs of unemployment.

The mechanisms between inequality and well-being are not fully known. There is a body of knowledge assuming personal information on the social environment can be important here. In this article, we consider this perception of society (POS) as a mediator between income inequality and life satisfaction. Our research questions are: 1) How are various measures of income inequality associated with life satisfaction, and 2) does the POS mediate the effect of inequality on life satisfaction? The individual-level data come from the European Social Survey 2008 (N = 56,752) and the macro-level data from OECD and World Bank. We use a comprehensive and psychometrically valid measure of the POS to capture individuals' full societal perceptions. The data is analysed with a multilevel linear regression and the mediation effect is tested with a Sobel test. The results reveal significant differences between indicators of income inequality in their ability to predict life satisfaction. Moreover, POS is strongly associated with life satisfaction and mediates the association of income inequality on life satisfaction. In addition, we observed the so-called ‘saturation effect.’ The effect of POS depends on objective conditions—the better the society, the smaller the effect.

We aimed to investigate whether the dialogue tools My Positive Health (MPH) and Individual Recovery Outcomes Counter (I.ROC) tools were useful for quantitively measuring the positive health construct for monitoring and scientific purposes as well. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative general Dutch population (the LISS panel) to investigate factor structures and internal consistency from the 42-items MPH and 12-items I.ROC. After randomly splitting the dataset, principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were applied. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient between both tools’ total scores were calculated. 2,457 participants completed the questionnaires. A six-factor structure was extracted for MPH (PH42) and a two-factor structure for I.ROC (I.ROC12). Explained variances were 68.1% and 56.1%, respectively. CFA resulted in good fit indices. Cronbach’s alphas were between 0.74 to 0.97 (PH42) and 0.73 to 0.87 (I.ROC12). Pearson correlation between the total scores was 0.8 and Spearman correlation was 0.77. Both PH42 and I.ROC12 are useful to quantitatively measure positive health aspects which can be summarised in sum scores. The dimensions found in this study and the corresponding item division differed from the dimensions of the original dialogue tools. Further research is recommended focussing on item reduction for PH42, factor structure of I.ROC, assessment of construct validity (in a general population) and response scales in more depth.