{"title":"Effects of quercetin nanoemulsion on SIRT1 activation and mitochondrial biogenesis in the skeletal muscle of high-fat diet-fed mice.","authors":"Mak-Soon Lee, Miae Doo, Yangha Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.806","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Quercetin (QT) is a plant flavonoid that offers health benefits owing to its various bioactive properties; however, as a hydrophobic substance, it has considerably low bioavailability. We previously demonstrated that QT nanoemulsion (QT+NE) formulated via oil-in-water nanoemulsification exhibited more effective cholesterol-lowering activity than ordinary QT in high cholesterol-fed rats. In this study, we investigated the effects of QT+NE on the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in high-fat diet (HD)-fed mice.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal chow diet (ND), HD (45% of calories from fat), or HD with 0.05% QT+NE or QT for 11 weeks. We analyzed sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation, mitochondrial changes, and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body weight and body weight gain decreased in the QT+NE group compared with that in the HD group (<i>P</i> < 0.05), but not in the QT group. Epididymal adipose tissue weight decreased in both the QT and QT+NE groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Plasma lipid levels also improved in both the QT and QT+NE groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). QT+NE intake upregulated the messenger RNA levels of SIRT1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α, nuclear respiratory factor 1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A in skeletal muscle compared with HD intake alone (<i>P</i> < 0.05), whereas QT did not. In particular, SIRT1 activity was significantly increased in the QT+NE group compared with that in the QT group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). HD intake reduced mitochondrial DNA content compared with ND intake; nevertheless, QT+NE intake retained it (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, our findings suggest that QT+NE may be beneficial in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle of HD-fed mice, which may be associated with SIRT1 activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 6","pages":"806-817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621433/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nutrition Research and Practice","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.806","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/9/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background/objectives: Quercetin (QT) is a plant flavonoid that offers health benefits owing to its various bioactive properties; however, as a hydrophobic substance, it has considerably low bioavailability. We previously demonstrated that QT nanoemulsion (QT+NE) formulated via oil-in-water nanoemulsification exhibited more effective cholesterol-lowering activity than ordinary QT in high cholesterol-fed rats. In this study, we investigated the effects of QT+NE on the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in high-fat diet (HD)-fed mice.
Materials/methods: C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal chow diet (ND), HD (45% of calories from fat), or HD with 0.05% QT+NE or QT for 11 weeks. We analyzed sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation, mitochondrial changes, and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle.
Results: Body weight and body weight gain decreased in the QT+NE group compared with that in the HD group (P < 0.05), but not in the QT group. Epididymal adipose tissue weight decreased in both the QT and QT+NE groups (P < 0.05). Plasma lipid levels also improved in both the QT and QT+NE groups (P < 0.05). QT+NE intake upregulated the messenger RNA levels of SIRT1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α, nuclear respiratory factor 1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A in skeletal muscle compared with HD intake alone (P < 0.05), whereas QT did not. In particular, SIRT1 activity was significantly increased in the QT+NE group compared with that in the QT group (P < 0.05). HD intake reduced mitochondrial DNA content compared with ND intake; nevertheless, QT+NE intake retained it (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggest that QT+NE may be beneficial in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle of HD-fed mice, which may be associated with SIRT1 activation.
期刊介绍:
Nutrition Research and Practice (NRP) is an official journal, jointly published by the Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition since 2007. The journal had been published quarterly at the initial stage and has been published bimonthly since 2010.
NRP aims to stimulate research and practice across diverse areas of human nutrition. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed original manuscripts on nutrition biochemistry and metabolism, community nutrition, nutrition and disease management, nutritional epidemiology, nutrition education, foodservice management in the following categories: Original Research Articles, Notes, Communications, and Reviews. Reviews will be received by the invitation of the editors only. Statements made and opinions expressed in the manuscripts published in this Journal represent the views of authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Societies.