Urges to move and struggles to breathe: restless legs syndrome/WillisEkbom disease in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

IF 2.1 4区医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Sleep and Breathing Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI:10.1007/s11325-024-03230-x

Fernando Gustavo Stelzer, Ygor Arzeno Ferrão, Debora Palma Maia, Liselotte Menke Barea, Helena Maria Tahnnauser Barros, Álan Luiz Éckeli

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Abstract

Purpose: Recent evidences pointed out that the prevalence of comorbidity of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is around 20%. Nonetheless its association factors have not been extensively evaluated after the recent modification in diagnostic criteria. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of RLS/WED and its association factors with OSA in an adult sample.

Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study including 490 adult patients with OSA diagnosis (apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 5 obstructive events/hour associated to clinical picture). RLS/WED diagnosis was established by the 2014 International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria established by face-to-face interview with a neurologist.

Results: The prevalence of RLS/WED was 18.6% (n = 91) and its diagnosis was previously established in 13.2% (n = 12/91). The mean IRLSSG severity score was 17.0 (standard deviation 6.8). RLS/WED was associated with female sex, chronic insomnia symptoms, greater anxiety, and depression severity scores, and with mild obstructive sleep apnea severity. On the other hand, severe obstructive sleep apnea was negatively associated to RLS/WED.

Conclusions: Despite being relatively prevalent among patients with OSA, RLS/WED is previously underrecognized in our sample. RLS/WED severity correlated with higher scores on anxiety and depression scales. Chronic insomnia symptoms were the main RLS/WED association factor.

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催促移动和挣扎呼吸：不宁腿综合征/WillisEkbom病的成人患者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。

目的：近年来有证据表明，不宁腿综合征/Willis-Ekbom病（RLS/WED）与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）合并症的患病率约为20%。尽管如此，在最近的诊断标准修改后，其相关因素尚未得到广泛评估。我们旨在评估成人样本中RLS/WED的患病率及其与OSA的相关因素。方法：这是一项前瞻性横断面研究，纳入490例OSA诊断的成年患者（呼吸暂停-低通气指数≥5个阻塞性事件/小时与临床表现相关）。RLS/WED的诊断是根据2014年国际不宁腿综合征研究组（IRLSSG）通过与神经科医生面对面访谈建立的标准建立的。结果：RLS/WED患病率为18.6% (n = 91)，既往诊断率为13.2% （n = 12/91）。IRLSSG严重程度平均评分为17.0（标准差为6.8）。RLS/WED与女性、慢性失眠症状、更大的焦虑和抑郁严重程度评分以及轻度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停严重程度有关。另一方面，严重阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与RLS/WED呈负相关。结论：尽管在OSA患者中相对普遍，但在我们的样本中，RLS/WED以前未被充分认识。RLS/WED严重程度与焦虑和抑郁量表得分较高相关。慢性失眠症状是RLS/WED的主要关联因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sleep and Breathing 医学-呼吸系统

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

4.00%

发文量

222

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal Sleep and Breathing aims to reflect the state of the art in the international science and practice of sleep medicine. The journal is based on the recognition that management of sleep disorders requires a multi-disciplinary approach and diverse perspectives. The initial focus of Sleep and Breathing is on timely and original studies that collect, intervene, or otherwise inform all clinicians and scientists in medicine, dentistry and oral surgery, otolaryngology, and epidemiology on the management of the upper airway during sleep. Furthermore, Sleep and Breathing endeavors to bring readers cutting edge information about all evolving aspects of common sleep disorders or disruptions, such as insomnia and shift work. The journal includes not only patient studies, but also studies that emphasize the principles of physiology and pathophysiology or illustrate potentially novel approaches to diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the journal features articles that describe patient-oriented and cost-benefit health outcomes research. Thus, with peer review by an international Editorial Board and prompt English-language publication, Sleep and Breathing provides rapid dissemination of clinical and clinically related scientific information. But it also does more: it is dedicated to making the most important developments in sleep disordered breathing easily accessible to clinicians who are treating sleep apnea by presenting well-chosen, well-written, and highly organized information that is useful for patient care.