Optimization of Hole and Slot, Slot, Vane, and Rising Sun Anode Structures of the Magnetron

Abstract

The magnetron, a high-power microwave active device within the realm of vacuum tubes, involves the modeling of anode structures such as hole and slot, slot, vane, and rising sun configurations through mathematical expressions. Eigenmode and strap analyses are conducted to determine the most suitable strapping method for each anode block. The equivalent circuit approach is compared with the simulation design and results with a negligible relative difference. Designing the magnetron with empirical equations alone proves impractical, necessitating an optimization approach. The backtracking search algorithm (BSA) emerges as a popular optimization tool capable of efficiently determining precise design parameters within minutes. BSA’s effectiveness is corroborated through validation against the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, demonstrating closely aligned results. Additionally, a parametric analysis is executed on all design parameters to elucidate their impact on inductance, capacitance, and operating frequency. The simplicity and accuracy of these optimization tools empower designers to craft vacuum devices with greater ease and precision.