TavWA1 is critical for wheat growth by modulating cell morphology and arrangement

IF 9.3 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Journal of Integrative Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI:10.1111/jipb.13807
Guowei Chang, Yue Li, Lei Peng, Chuncai Shen, Yipeng Lu, Wan Teng, Yangyang Liu, Yingchun Wang, Weiqi Zhu, Cuimin Liu, Xue He, Yiping Tong, Xueqiang Zhao
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Abstract

Plant growth is determined by the production of cells and initiation of new organs. Exploring genes that control cell number and cell size is of great significance for understanding plant growth regulation. In this study, we characterized two wheat mutants, ah and dl, with abnormal growth. The ah mutant is a naturally occurring variant characterized by severe dwarfism, increased tiller number, and reduced grain length, while the dl mutant is derived from an ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population and exhibits smaller grain size and slightly reduced plant height. Cytological analyses revealed abnormal cell number, cell morphology and arrangement in the stems and leaves of the ah mutant, along with reduced cell length in the grains of the dl mutant. Map-based cloning identified that both mutants carry mutations in the same gene TavWA1-7D, which encodes a protein with a von Willebrand factor A (vWA) domain. The ah mutant harbors a 174-bp insertion in the 1,402-bp coding sequence (CDS) of TavWA1-7D, causing premature termination of protein translation, while the dl mutant contains a Glu420Lys substitution. Mimicking the TavWA1-7Dah through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9-mediated genome editing leads to a severe dwarfism phenotype. The C-terminus of the protein is crucial for its correct subcellular localization and interaction, supporting its critical role for TavWA1-7D function. Proteomic analysis showed that the dwarf phenotype of the ah mutant is associated with impaired photosynthesis, ribosome function, and nucleosome formation. Additionally, TavWA1-7D interacts with an E3 ligase, TaVIP1-3B, the expression levels of which are elevated in both mutants. Overexpression and knockout studies of TaVIP1-3B demonstrated its negative regulatory role in cell length and grain size. Together, our findings suggest that TavWA1-7D plays a vital role in regulating wheat growth and yield-related traits, with the dl mutant's short grain phenotype being associated with TaVIP1-3B expression levels.

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TavWA1通过调节细胞形态和排列对小麦生长至关重要。
植物的生长是由细胞的产生和新器官的形成决定的。探索控制细胞数量和细胞大小的基因对了解植物的生长调控具有重要意义。在这项研究中,我们描述了两个生长异常的小麦突变体,ah和dl。ah突变体是一种自然发生的突变体,其特征是严重的侏儒症,分蘖数增加,籽粒长度减少,而dl突变体来自甲烷磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变的群体,表现出较小的籽粒大小和略微降低的株高。细胞学分析显示,ah突变体的茎叶中细胞数量、细胞形态和排列异常,dl突变体的颗粒中细胞长度减少。基于图谱的克隆发现,这两种突变体在同一基因TavWA1-7D上携带突变,该基因编码一种具有血管性血液病因子a (vWA)结构域的蛋白质。ah突变体在TavWA1-7D的1402 -bp编码序列(CDS)中插入174-bp,导致蛋白质翻译过早终止,而dl突变体含有Glu420Lys替换。通过聚集规律间隔短回语重复序列(CRISPR)/CRISPR相关核酸酶9介导的基因组编辑模拟TavWA1-7Dah导致严重的侏儒症表型。该蛋白的c端对于其正确的亚细胞定位和相互作用至关重要,支持其在TavWA1-7D功能中的关键作用。蛋白质组学分析表明,ah突变体的矮化表型与光合作用、核糖体功能和核小体形成受损有关。此外,TavWA1-7D与E3连接酶TaVIP1-3B相互作用,其表达水平在两个突变体中均升高。TaVIP1-3B的过表达和敲除研究表明其对细胞长度和颗粒大小具有负调控作用。总之,我们的研究结果表明,TavWA1-7D在调节小麦生长和产量相关性状中起着至关重要的作用,dl突变体的短粒表型与TaVIP1-3B的表达水平有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
18.00
自引率
5.30%
发文量
220
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology is a leading academic journal reporting on the latest discoveries in plant biology.Enjoy the latest news and developments in the field, understand new and improved methods and research tools, and explore basic biological questions through reproducible experimental design, using genetic, biochemical, cell and molecular biological methods, and statistical analyses.
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