Terrestrial evidence for volcanogenic sulfate-driven cooling event ~30 kyr before the Cretaceous–Paleogene mass extinction

IF 11.7 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Science Advances Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI:10.1126/sciadv.ado5478
Lauren K. O’Connor, Rhodri M. Jerrett, Gregory D. Price, Tyler R. Lyson, Sabine K. Lengger, Francien Peterse, Bart E. van Dongen
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Abstract

Alongside the Chicxulub meteorite impact, Deccan volcanism is considered a primary trigger for the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction. Models suggest that volcanic outgassing of carbon and sulfur—potent environmental stressors—drove global temperature change, but the relative timing, duration, and magnitude of such change remains uncertain. Here, we use the organic paleothermometer MBT′5me and the carbon-isotope composition of two K–Pg-spanning lignites from the western Unites States, to test models of volcanogenic air temperature change in the ~100 kyr before the mass extinction. Our records show long-term warming of ~3°C, probably driven by Deccan CO2 emissions, and reveal a transient (<10 kyr) ~5°C cooling event, coinciding with the peak of the Poladpur “pulse” of Deccan eruption ~30 kyr before the K–Pg boundary. This cooling was likely caused by the aerosolization of volcanogenic sulfur. Temperatures returned to pre-event values before the mass extinction, suggesting that, from the terrestrial perspective, volcanogenic climate change was not the primary cause of K–Pg extinction.

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白垩纪-古近纪大灭绝前 30 千年火山硫酸盐驱动冷却事件的陆地证据
与希克苏鲁伯陨石撞击一起,德干火山活动被认为是白垩纪-古近纪(K-Pg)大灭绝的主要触发因素。模型表明,火山喷发出的碳和硫气体——强有力的环境压力源——驱动了全球温度变化,但这种变化的相对时间、持续时间和幅度仍不确定。在此,我们利用MBT’5me有机古温度计和来自美国西部的两种跨越k - pg的褐煤的碳同位素组成来测试大灭绝前~100 kyr的火山空气温度变化模型。我们的记录显示了长期的~3°C的变暖,可能是由德干二氧化碳排放驱动的,并揭示了一个短暂的(<10 kyr) ~5°C的冷却事件,与德干火山喷发的Poladpur“脉冲”的峰值相吻合~ 30kyr在K-Pg边界之前。这种冷却很可能是由火山硫的雾化作用造成的。温度恢复到大灭绝前的水平,这表明,从陆地的角度来看,火山气候变化不是K-Pg灭绝的主要原因。
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来源期刊
Science Advances
Science Advances 综合性期刊-综合性期刊
CiteScore
21.40
自引率
1.50%
发文量
1937
审稿时长
29 weeks
期刊介绍: Science Advances, an open-access journal by AAAS, publishes impactful research in diverse scientific areas. It aims for fair, fast, and expert peer review, providing freely accessible research to readers. Led by distinguished scientists, the journal supports AAAS's mission by extending Science magazine's capacity to identify and promote significant advances. Evolving digital publishing technologies play a crucial role in advancing AAAS's global mission for science communication and benefitting humankind.
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