Shunyi Zhao, Lingxiao Wang, Dimitrios Kleidonas, Fangfang Qi, Yue Liang, Jiaying Zheng, Anthony D. Umpierre, Long-Jun Wu
Microglia actively survey the brain and dynamically interact with neurons to maintain brain homeostasis. Microglial Gi protein–coupled receptors (Gi-GPCRs) play a critical role in microglia-neuron communications. However, the impact of temporally activating microglial Gi signaling on microglial dynamics and neuronal activity in the homeostatic brain remains largely unknown. In this study, we used Gi-based designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (Gi-DREADD) to selectively and temporally modulate microglial Gi signaling pathway. By integrating this chemogenetic approach with in vivo two-photon imaging, we observed that exogenous activation of microglial Gi signaling transiently inhibited microglial process dynamics, reduced neuronal activity, and impaired neuronal synchronization. These altered neuronal functions were associated with a decrease in interactions between microglia and neuron somata. Together, this study demonstrates that acute, exogenous activation of microglial Gi signaling regulates neuronal circuit function, offering a potential pharmacological target for the neuromodulation through microglia.
{"title":"Chemogenetic activation of microglial Gi signaling decreases microglial surveillance and impairs neuronal synchronization","authors":"Shunyi Zhao, Lingxiao Wang, Dimitrios Kleidonas, Fangfang Qi, Yue Liang, Jiaying Zheng, Anthony D. Umpierre, Long-Jun Wu","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.ado7829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ado7829","url":null,"abstract":"Microglia actively survey the brain and dynamically interact with neurons to maintain brain homeostasis. Microglial Gi protein–coupled receptors (Gi-GPCRs) play a critical role in microglia-neuron communications. However, the impact of temporally activating microglial Gi signaling on microglial dynamics and neuronal activity in the homeostatic brain remains largely unknown. In this study, we used Gi-based designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (Gi-DREADD) to selectively and temporally modulate microglial Gi signaling pathway. By integrating this chemogenetic approach with in vivo two-photon imaging, we observed that exogenous activation of microglial Gi signaling transiently inhibited microglial process dynamics, reduced neuronal activity, and impaired neuronal synchronization. These altered neuronal functions were associated with a decrease in interactions between microglia and neuron somata. Together, this study demonstrates that acute, exogenous activation of microglial Gi signaling regulates neuronal circuit function, offering a potential pharmacological target for the neuromodulation through microglia.","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peng Liang, Yang Zeng, Jie Ning, Xiaojie Wu, Wenlu Wang, Jun Ren, Qingjun Wu, Xin Yang, Shaoli Wang, Zhaojiang Guo, Qi Su, Xuguo Zhou, Ted C. J. Turlings, Wen Xie, Youjun Zhang
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a devastating pathogen of tomato crops, is vectored by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci , yet the mechanisms underlying TYLVC epidemics are poorly understood. We found that TYLCV triggers the up-regulation of two β-myrcene biosynthesis genes in tomato, leading to the attraction of nonviruliferous B. tabaci . We also identified BtMEDOR6 as a key whitefly olfactory receptor of β-myrcene involved in the distinct preference of B. tabaci MED for TYLCV-infected plants. TYLCV inhibits the expression of BtMEDOR6, canceling this preference and thereby facilitating TYLCV transmission to uninfected plants. Greenhouse experiments corroborated the role of β-myrcene in whitefly attraction. These findings reveal a sophisticated viral strategy whereby TYLCV modulates both host plant attractiveness and vector olfactory perception to enhance its spread.
{"title":"A plant virus manipulates both its host plant and the insect that facilitates its transmission","authors":"Peng Liang, Yang Zeng, Jie Ning, Xiaojie Wu, Wenlu Wang, Jun Ren, Qingjun Wu, Xin Yang, Shaoli Wang, Zhaojiang Guo, Qi Su, Xuguo Zhou, Ted C. J. Turlings, Wen Xie, Youjun Zhang","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adr4563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adr4563","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a devastating pathogen of tomato crops, is vectored by the whitefly <jats:italic>Bemisia tabaci</jats:italic> , yet the mechanisms underlying TYLVC epidemics are poorly understood. We found that TYLCV triggers the up-regulation of two β-myrcene biosynthesis genes in tomato, leading to the attraction of nonviruliferous <jats:italic>B. tabaci</jats:italic> . We also identified BtMEDOR6 as a key whitefly olfactory receptor of β-myrcene involved in the distinct preference of <jats:italic>B. tabaci</jats:italic> MED for TYLCV-infected plants. TYLCV inhibits the expression of BtMEDOR6, canceling this preference and thereby facilitating TYLCV transmission to uninfected plants. Greenhouse experiments corroborated the role of β-myrcene in whitefly attraction. These findings reveal a sophisticated viral strategy whereby TYLCV modulates both host plant attractiveness and vector olfactory perception to enhance its spread.","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have strengthened the bridge between virtual and real worlds via human-machine interfaces. Despite extensive research into biophysical signals, gustation, a fundamental component of the five senses, has experienced limited progress. This work reports a bio-integrated gustatory interface, “e-Taste,” to address the underrepresented chemical dimension in current VR/AR technologies. This system facilitates remote perception and replication of taste sensations through the coupling of physically separated sensors and actuators with wireless communication modules. By using chemicals representing five basic tastes, systematic codesign of key functional components yields reliable performance including tunability, versatility, safety, and mechanical robustness. Field testing involving human subjects focusing on user perception confirms its proficiency in digitally simulating a range of taste intensities and combinations. Overall, this investigation pioneers a chemical dimension in AR/VR technology, paving the way for users to transcend visual and auditory virtual engagements by integrating the taste sensation into virtual environment for enhanced digital experiences.
{"title":"A sensor-actuator–coupled gustatory interface chemically connecting virtual and real environments for remote tasting","authors":"Shulin Chen, Yizhen Jia, Bowen Duan, Tzu-Li Liu, Qi Wang, Xiao Xiao, Prasad Nithianandam, Xi Tian, Chunyu Yang, Changsheng Wu, Zhaoqian Xie, Jinghua Li","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adr4797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adr4797","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have strengthened the bridge between virtual and real worlds via human-machine interfaces. Despite extensive research into biophysical signals, gustation, a fundamental component of the five senses, has experienced limited progress. This work reports a bio-integrated gustatory interface, “e-Taste,” to address the underrepresented chemical dimension in current VR/AR technologies. This system facilitates remote perception and replication of taste sensations through the coupling of physically separated sensors and actuators with wireless communication modules. By using chemicals representing five basic tastes, systematic codesign of key functional components yields reliable performance including tunability, versatility, safety, and mechanical robustness. Field testing involving human subjects focusing on user perception confirms its proficiency in digitally simulating a range of taste intensities and combinations. Overall, this investigation pioneers a chemical dimension in AR/VR technology, paving the way for users to transcend visual and auditory virtual engagements by integrating the taste sensation into virtual environment for enhanced digital experiences.","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-28Epub Date: 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adr1481
Jorge L Jimenez-Macias, Philippa Vaughn-Beaucaire, Ayush Bharati, Zheyun Xu, Megan Forrest, Jason Hong, Michael Sun, Andrea Schmidt, Jasmine Clark, William Hawkins, Noe Mercado, Jacqueline Real, Kelsey Huntington, Mykola Zdioruk, Michal O Nowicki, Choi-Fong Cho, Bin Wu, Weiyi Li, Theresa Logan, Katherine E Manz, Kurt D Pennell, Bogdan I Fedeles, Paul Bertone, Michael Punsoni, Alexander S Brodsky, Sean E Lawler
Efficient drug delivery to glioblastoma (GBM) is a major obstacle as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) prevent passage of the majority of chemotherapies into the brain. Here, we identified a transcriptional 12-gene signature associated with the BTB in GBM. We identified CDH5 as a core molecule in this set and confirmed its expression in GBM vasculature using transcriptomics and immunostaining of patient specimens. The indirubin-derivative, 6-bromoindirubin acetoxime (BIA), down-regulates CDH5 and other BTB signature genes, causing endothelial barrier disruption in vitro and in murine GBM xenograft models. Treatment with BIA increased intratumoral cisplatin accumulation and potentiated DNA damage by targeting DNA repair pathways. Last, using an injectable BIA nanoparticle formulation, PPRX-1701, we significantly improved cisplatin efficacy in murine GBM. Our work reveals potential targets of the BTB and the bifunctional properties of BIA as a BTB modulator and a potentiator of chemotherapy, supporting its further development.
{"title":"Modulation of blood-tumor barrier transcriptional programs improves intratumoral drug delivery and potentiates chemotherapy in GBM.","authors":"Jorge L Jimenez-Macias, Philippa Vaughn-Beaucaire, Ayush Bharati, Zheyun Xu, Megan Forrest, Jason Hong, Michael Sun, Andrea Schmidt, Jasmine Clark, William Hawkins, Noe Mercado, Jacqueline Real, Kelsey Huntington, Mykola Zdioruk, Michal O Nowicki, Choi-Fong Cho, Bin Wu, Weiyi Li, Theresa Logan, Katherine E Manz, Kurt D Pennell, Bogdan I Fedeles, Paul Bertone, Michael Punsoni, Alexander S Brodsky, Sean E Lawler","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adr1481","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adr1481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Efficient drug delivery to glioblastoma (GBM) is a major obstacle as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) prevent passage of the majority of chemotherapies into the brain. Here, we identified a transcriptional 12-gene signature associated with the BTB in GBM. We identified CDH5 as a core molecule in this set and confirmed its expression in GBM vasculature using transcriptomics and immunostaining of patient specimens. The indirubin-derivative, 6-bromoindirubin acetoxime (BIA), down-regulates CDH5 and other BTB signature genes, causing endothelial barrier disruption in vitro and in murine GBM xenograft models. Treatment with BIA increased intratumoral cisplatin accumulation and potentiated DNA damage by targeting DNA repair pathways. Last, using an injectable BIA nanoparticle formulation, PPRX-1701, we significantly improved cisplatin efficacy in murine GBM. Our work reveals potential targets of the BTB and the bifunctional properties of BIA as a BTB modulator and a potentiator of chemotherapy, supporting its further development.</p>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 9","pages":"eadr1481"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-28Epub Date: 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adr4074
Carlos Palma, Mostafa Kamal Masud, Dominic Guanzon, Andrew Lai, Melissa Razo, Angela Nakahara, Soumyalekshmi Nair, Alexis Salas-Burgos, Md Shahriar A Hossain, Flavio Carrion, Gregory Duncombe, H David McIntyre, Aase Handberg, Sherri Longo, Yusuke Yamauchi, Carlos Salomon
Herein, we developed a specific, rapid sensor to quantify placental extracellular vesicle (EV) protein biomarkers of early pregnancy complications. A distinct tetraspanin CD9 and placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) expression pattern was observed via targeted multiple reaction monitoring of EVs from maternal plasma collected before 18 weeks of gestation. A classification model was developed using training and validation patient sets, distinguishing between individuals at high risk of developing complications from those with normal pregnancies, achieving 80% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 89% positive predictive value (PPV), and 82% negative predictive value (NPV). Superparamagnetic nanoflowers that captured target EVs (CD9+/PLAP+) were used to construct a 4-flex glass strip nanozymatic readout system. The sensor analyzes plasma for EVs, identifying gestational diabetes mellitus risk with a 95% combined sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 96% NPV. This nanoplatform identifies individuals at risk of developing pregnancy complications with a >90% classification accuracy, exhibiting potential for clinical applications.
{"title":"Rapid and high-sensitivity screening of pregnancy complications by profiling circulating placental extracellular vesicles.","authors":"Carlos Palma, Mostafa Kamal Masud, Dominic Guanzon, Andrew Lai, Melissa Razo, Angela Nakahara, Soumyalekshmi Nair, Alexis Salas-Burgos, Md Shahriar A Hossain, Flavio Carrion, Gregory Duncombe, H David McIntyre, Aase Handberg, Sherri Longo, Yusuke Yamauchi, Carlos Salomon","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adr4074","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adr4074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, we developed a specific, rapid sensor to quantify placental extracellular vesicle (EV) protein biomarkers of early pregnancy complications. A distinct tetraspanin CD9 and placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) expression pattern was observed via targeted multiple reaction monitoring of EVs from maternal plasma collected before 18 weeks of gestation. A classification model was developed using training and validation patient sets, distinguishing between individuals at high risk of developing complications from those with normal pregnancies, achieving 80% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 89% positive predictive value (PPV), and 82% negative predictive value (NPV). Superparamagnetic nanoflowers that captured target EVs (CD9<sup>+</sup>/PLAP<sup>+</sup>) were used to construct a 4-flex glass strip nanozymatic readout system. The sensor analyzes plasma for EVs, identifying gestational diabetes mellitus risk with a 95% combined sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 96% NPV. This nanoplatform identifies individuals at risk of developing pregnancy complications with a >90% classification accuracy, exhibiting potential for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 9","pages":"eadr4074"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-28Epub Date: 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado3843
Kadambari Devarajan, Mason Fidino, Zach J Farris, Solny A Adalsteinsson, Gabriel Andrade-Ponce, Julia L Angstmann, Whitney Anthonysamy, Jesica Aquino, Addisu Asefa, Belen Avila, Larissa L Bailey, Lyandra Maria de Sousa Barbosa, Marcela de Frias Barreto, Owain Barton, Chloe E Bates, Mayara Guimarães Beltrão, Tori Bird, Elizabeth G Biro, Francesco Bisi, Daniel Bohórquez, Mark Boyce, Justin S Brashares, Grace Bullington, Phoebe Burns, Jessica Burr, Andrew R Butler, Kendall L Calhoun, Tien Trung Cao, Natalia Casado, Juan Camilo Cepeda-Duque, Jonathon D Cepek, Adriano Garcia Chiarello, Merri Collins, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela, Sebastian Costa, Giacomo Cremonesi, Bogdan Cristescu, Paula Cruz, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de Albuquerque, Carlos De Angelo, Cláudia Bueno de Campos, Liana Mara Mendes de Sena, Mario Di Bitetti, Douglas de Matos Dias, Duane Diefenbach, Tim S Doherty, Thais P Dos Santos, Gabriela Teixeira Duarte, Timothy M Eppley, John Erb, Carolina Franco Esteves, Bryn Evans, Maria L M Falcão, Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira, John R Fieberg, Luiz Carlos Firmino de Souza Filho, Jason Fisher, Marie-Josee Fortin, George A Gale, Travis Gallo, Laken S Ganoe, Rony Garcia-Anleu, Kaitlyn M Gaynor, Tiziana A Gelmi-Candusso, Phillys N Gichuru, Quimey Gomez, Austin M Green, Luiza Neves Guimarães, Jeffrey D Haight, Lavendar R Harris, Zachary D Hawn, Jordan Heiman, Huy Quoc Hoang, Sarah Huebner, Fabiola Iannarilli, María Eugenia Iezzi, Jacob S Ivan, Kodi J Jaspers, Mark J Jordan, Jason Kamilar, Mamadou Kane, Mohammad Hosein Karimi, Marcella Kelly, Michel T Kohl, William P Kuvlesky, Andrew Ladle, Rachel N Larson, Quy Tan Le, Duy Le, Van Son Le, Elizabeth W Lehrer, Patrick E Lendrum, Jesse Lewis, Andrés Link, Diego J Lizcano, Jason V Lombardi, Robert Long, Eva López-Tello, Camile Lugarini, David Lugo, Paula MacKay, Maria Madadi, Rodolfo Assis Magalhães, Seth B Magle, Ludmila Hufnagel Regis Diniz Maia, Salvador Mandujano, Taisiia Marchenkova, Paulo Henrique Marinho, Laurie Marker, Julia Martinez Pardo, Adriano Martinoli, Rodrigo Lima Massara, Juliana Masseloux, Dina Matiukhina, Amy Mayer, Luis Mazariegos, Maureen R McClung, Alex McInturff, Darby McPhail, Amy Mertl, Christopher R Middaugh, David Miller, David Mills, Dale Miquelle, Vivianna Miritis, Remington J Moll, Péter Molnár, Robert A Montgomery, Toni Lyn Morelli, Alessio Mortelliti, Rachael I Mueller, Anna S Mukhacheva, Kayleigh Mullen, Asia Murphy, Vance Nepomuceno, Dusit Ngoprasert, An Nguyen, Thanh Van Nguyen, Van Thai Nguyen, Hoa Anh Nguyen Quang, Rob Nipko, Ana Clarissa Costa Nobre, Joseph Northrup, Megan A Owen, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Meredith S Palmer, Gabriela Palomo-Munoz, Lain E Pardo, Chrystina Parks, Ana Maria de Oliveira Paschoal, Brent Patterson, Agustin Paviolo, Liba Pejchar, Mary E Pendergast, Humberto L Perotto-Baldivieso, Timofei Petrov, Mairi K P Poisson, Daiana Jeronimo Polli, Morteza Pourmirzai, Alexander Reebin, Katie R Remine, Lindsey Rich, Christopher S Richardson, Facundo Robino, Daniel G Rocha, Fabiana Lopes Rocha, Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues, Adam T Rohnke, Travis J Ryan, Carmen M Salsbury, Heather A Sander, Nadia Maria da Cruz Santos-Cavalcante, Cagan H Sekercioglu, Ivan Seryodkin, Dede Hendra Setiawan, Shabnam Shadloo, Mahsa Shahhosseini, Graeme Shannon, Catherine J Shier, G Bradley Smith, Tom Snyder, Rahel Sollmann, Kimberly L Sparks, Kriangsak Sribuarod, Colleen C St Clair, Theodore Stankowich, Robert Steinmetz, Cassondra J Stevenson, Sunarto Sunarto, Thilina D Surasinghe, Svetlana V Sutyrina, Ronald R Swaisgood, Atie Taktehrani, Kanchan Thapa, Matthew Thorton, Andrew Tilker, Mathias W Tobler, Van Bang Tran, Jody Tucker, Russell C Van Horn, Juan S Vargas-Soto, Karen L Velásquez-C, Jan Venter, Eduardo M Venticinque, Stijn Verschueren, Erin Wampole, Darcy J Watchorn, Oliver R Wearn, Katherine C B Weiss, Alejandro Welschen, Febri Anggriawan Widodo, Jacque Williamson, Andreas Wilting, George Wittemyer, Arturo Zavaleta, Amanda J Zellmer, Brian D Gerber
Circadian rhythms are a mechanism by which species adapt to environmental variability and fundamental to understanding species behavior. However, we lack data and a standardized framework to accurately assess and compare temporal activity for species during rapid ecological change. Through a global network representing 38 countries, we leveraged 8.9 million mammalian observations to create a library of 14,587 standardized diel activity estimates for 445 species. We found that less than half the species' estimates were in agreement with diel classifications from the reference literature and that species commonly used more than one diel classification. Species diel activity was highly plastic when exposed to anthropogenic change. Furthermore, body size and distributional extent were strongly associated with whether a species is diurnal or nocturnal. Our findings provide essential knowledge of species behavior in an era of rapid global change and suggest the need for a new, quantitative framework that defines diel activity logically and consistently while capturing species plasticity.
{"title":"When the wild things are: Defining mammalian diel activity and plasticity.","authors":"Kadambari Devarajan, Mason Fidino, Zach J Farris, Solny A Adalsteinsson, Gabriel Andrade-Ponce, Julia L Angstmann, Whitney Anthonysamy, Jesica Aquino, Addisu Asefa, Belen Avila, Larissa L Bailey, Lyandra Maria de Sousa Barbosa, Marcela de Frias Barreto, Owain Barton, Chloe E Bates, Mayara Guimarães Beltrão, Tori Bird, Elizabeth G Biro, Francesco Bisi, Daniel Bohórquez, Mark Boyce, Justin S Brashares, Grace Bullington, Phoebe Burns, Jessica Burr, Andrew R Butler, Kendall L Calhoun, Tien Trung Cao, Natalia Casado, Juan Camilo Cepeda-Duque, Jonathon D Cepek, Adriano Garcia Chiarello, Merri Collins, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela, Sebastian Costa, Giacomo Cremonesi, Bogdan Cristescu, Paula Cruz, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de Albuquerque, Carlos De Angelo, Cláudia Bueno de Campos, Liana Mara Mendes de Sena, Mario Di Bitetti, Douglas de Matos Dias, Duane Diefenbach, Tim S Doherty, Thais P Dos Santos, Gabriela Teixeira Duarte, Timothy M Eppley, John Erb, Carolina Franco Esteves, Bryn Evans, Maria L M Falcão, Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira, John R Fieberg, Luiz Carlos Firmino de Souza Filho, Jason Fisher, Marie-Josee Fortin, George A Gale, Travis Gallo, Laken S Ganoe, Rony Garcia-Anleu, Kaitlyn M Gaynor, Tiziana A Gelmi-Candusso, Phillys N Gichuru, Quimey Gomez, Austin M Green, Luiza Neves Guimarães, Jeffrey D Haight, Lavendar R Harris, Zachary D Hawn, Jordan Heiman, Huy Quoc Hoang, Sarah Huebner, Fabiola Iannarilli, María Eugenia Iezzi, Jacob S Ivan, Kodi J Jaspers, Mark J Jordan, Jason Kamilar, Mamadou Kane, Mohammad Hosein Karimi, Marcella Kelly, Michel T Kohl, William P Kuvlesky, Andrew Ladle, Rachel N Larson, Quy Tan Le, Duy Le, Van Son Le, Elizabeth W Lehrer, Patrick E Lendrum, Jesse Lewis, Andrés Link, Diego J Lizcano, Jason V Lombardi, Robert Long, Eva López-Tello, Camile Lugarini, David Lugo, Paula MacKay, Maria Madadi, Rodolfo Assis Magalhães, Seth B Magle, Ludmila Hufnagel Regis Diniz Maia, Salvador Mandujano, Taisiia Marchenkova, Paulo Henrique Marinho, Laurie Marker, Julia Martinez Pardo, Adriano Martinoli, Rodrigo Lima Massara, Juliana Masseloux, Dina Matiukhina, Amy Mayer, Luis Mazariegos, Maureen R McClung, Alex McInturff, Darby McPhail, Amy Mertl, Christopher R Middaugh, David Miller, David Mills, Dale Miquelle, Vivianna Miritis, Remington J Moll, Péter Molnár, Robert A Montgomery, Toni Lyn Morelli, Alessio Mortelliti, Rachael I Mueller, Anna S Mukhacheva, Kayleigh Mullen, Asia Murphy, Vance Nepomuceno, Dusit Ngoprasert, An Nguyen, Thanh Van Nguyen, Van Thai Nguyen, Hoa Anh Nguyen Quang, Rob Nipko, Ana Clarissa Costa Nobre, Joseph Northrup, Megan A Owen, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Meredith S Palmer, Gabriela Palomo-Munoz, Lain E Pardo, Chrystina Parks, Ana Maria de Oliveira Paschoal, Brent Patterson, Agustin Paviolo, Liba Pejchar, Mary E Pendergast, Humberto L Perotto-Baldivieso, Timofei Petrov, Mairi K P Poisson, Daiana Jeronimo Polli, Morteza Pourmirzai, Alexander Reebin, Katie R Remine, Lindsey Rich, Christopher S Richardson, Facundo Robino, Daniel G Rocha, Fabiana Lopes Rocha, Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues, Adam T Rohnke, Travis J Ryan, Carmen M Salsbury, Heather A Sander, Nadia Maria da Cruz Santos-Cavalcante, Cagan H Sekercioglu, Ivan Seryodkin, Dede Hendra Setiawan, Shabnam Shadloo, Mahsa Shahhosseini, Graeme Shannon, Catherine J Shier, G Bradley Smith, Tom Snyder, Rahel Sollmann, Kimberly L Sparks, Kriangsak Sribuarod, Colleen C St Clair, Theodore Stankowich, Robert Steinmetz, Cassondra J Stevenson, Sunarto Sunarto, Thilina D Surasinghe, Svetlana V Sutyrina, Ronald R Swaisgood, Atie Taktehrani, Kanchan Thapa, Matthew Thorton, Andrew Tilker, Mathias W Tobler, Van Bang Tran, Jody Tucker, Russell C Van Horn, Juan S Vargas-Soto, Karen L Velásquez-C, Jan Venter, Eduardo M Venticinque, Stijn Verschueren, Erin Wampole, Darcy J Watchorn, Oliver R Wearn, Katherine C B Weiss, Alejandro Welschen, Febri Anggriawan Widodo, Jacque Williamson, Andreas Wilting, George Wittemyer, Arturo Zavaleta, Amanda J Zellmer, Brian D Gerber","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.ado3843","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.ado3843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian rhythms are a mechanism by which species adapt to environmental variability and fundamental to understanding species behavior. However, we lack data and a standardized framework to accurately assess and compare temporal activity for species during rapid ecological change. Through a global network representing 38 countries, we leveraged 8.9 million mammalian observations to create a library of 14,587 standardized diel activity estimates for 445 species. We found that less than half the species' estimates were in agreement with diel classifications from the reference literature and that species commonly used more than one diel classification. Species diel activity was highly plastic when exposed to anthropogenic change. Furthermore, body size and distributional extent were strongly associated with whether a species is diurnal or nocturnal. Our findings provide essential knowledge of species behavior in an era of rapid global change and suggest the need for a new, quantitative framework that defines diel activity logically and consistently while capturing species plasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 9","pages":"eado3843"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rémi Blinder, Yuliya Mindarava, Martin Korzeczek, Alastair Marshall, Felix Glöckler, Steffen Nothelfer, Alwin Kienle, Christian Laube, Wolfgang Knolle, Christian Jentgens, Martin B. Plenio, Fedor Jelezko
Nuclear hyperpolarization is a known method to enhance the signal in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by orders of magnitude. The present work addresses the 13C hyperpolarization in diamond micro- and nanoparticles, using the optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy center (NV) to polarize 13C spins at room temperature. Consequences of the small particle size are mitigated by using a combination of surface treatment improving the 13C relaxation (T1) time, as well as that of NV, and applying a technique for NV illumination based on a microphotonic structure. Adjustments to the dynamical nuclear polarization sequence (PulsePol) are performed, as well as slow sample rotation, to improve the NV-13C polarization transfer rate. The hyperpolarized 13C NMR signal is observed in particles of 2-micrometer and 100-nanometer median sizes, with enhancements over the thermal signal (at 0.29-tesla magnetic field) of 1500 and 940, respectively. The present demonstration of room-temperature hyperpolarization anticipates the development of agents based on nanoparticles for sensitive magnetic resonance applications.
{"title":"13C hyperpolarization with nitrogen-vacancy centers in micro- and nanodiamonds for sensitive magnetic resonance applications","authors":"Rémi Blinder, Yuliya Mindarava, Martin Korzeczek, Alastair Marshall, Felix Glöckler, Steffen Nothelfer, Alwin Kienle, Christian Laube, Wolfgang Knolle, Christian Jentgens, Martin B. Plenio, Fedor Jelezko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Nuclear hyperpolarization is a known method to enhance the signal in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by orders of magnitude. The present work addresses the <sup>13</sup>C hyperpolarization in diamond micro- and nanoparticles, using the optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy center (NV) to polarize <sup>13</sup>C spins at room temperature. Consequences of the small particle size are mitigated by using a combination of surface treatment improving the <sup>13</sup>C relaxation (<i>T</i><sub>1</sub>) time, as well as that of NV, and applying a technique for NV illumination based on a microphotonic structure. Adjustments to the dynamical nuclear polarization sequence (PulsePol) are performed, as well as slow sample rotation, to improve the NV-<sup>13</sup>C polarization transfer rate. The hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C NMR signal is observed in particles of 2-micrometer and 100-nanometer median sizes, with enhancements over the thermal signal (at 0.29-tesla magnetic field) of 1500 and 940, respectively. The present demonstration of room-temperature hyperpolarization anticipates the development of agents based on nanoparticles for sensitive magnetic resonance applications.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/sciadv.adq6836","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kewei Sun, Nan Cao, Orlando J. Silveira, Adolfo O. Fumega, Fiona Hanindita, Shingo Ito, Jose L. Lado, Peter Liljeroth, Adam S. Foster, Shigeki Kawai
Magnetic exchange interactions between localized spins in π-electron magnetism of carbon-based nanostructures have attracted tremendous interest due to their great potential for nano spintronics. Unique many-body quantum characteristics, such as gaped excitations, strong spin entanglement, and fractionalized excitations, have been demonstrated, but the spin-1/2 Heisenberg model with a single antiferromagnetic coupling J value remained unexplored. Here, we realized the entangled antiferromagnetic quantum spin-1/2 Heisenberg model with diazahexabenzocoronene oligomers (up to 7 units) on Au(111). Extensive low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements and density functional theory and many-body calculations show that even-numbered spin chains host a collective state with gapped excitations, while odd-numbered chains feature a Kondo excitation. We found that a given antiferromagnetic coupling J value between first neighbors in the entangled quantum states is responsible for the quantum phenomena, strongly relating to their parities of the chain. The tunable molecular building blocks act as an ideal platform for the experimental realization of topological spin lattices.
{"title":"On-surface synthesis of Heisenberg spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic molecular chains","authors":"Kewei Sun, Nan Cao, Orlando J. Silveira, Adolfo O. Fumega, Fiona Hanindita, Shingo Ito, Jose L. Lado, Peter Liljeroth, Adam S. Foster, Shigeki Kawai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Magnetic exchange interactions between localized spins in π-electron magnetism of carbon-based nanostructures have attracted tremendous interest due to their great potential for nano spintronics. Unique many-body quantum characteristics, such as gaped excitations, strong spin entanglement, and fractionalized excitations, have been demonstrated, but the spin-1/2 Heisenberg model with a single antiferromagnetic coupling <i>J</i> value remained unexplored. Here, we realized the entangled antiferromagnetic quantum spin-1/2 Heisenberg model with diazahexabenzocoronene oligomers (up to 7 units) on Au(111). Extensive low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements and density functional theory and many-body calculations show that even-numbered spin chains host a collective state with gapped excitations, while odd-numbered chains feature a Kondo excitation. We found that a given antiferromagnetic coupling <i>J</i> value between first neighbors in the entangled quantum states is responsible for the quantum phenomena, strongly relating to their parities of the chain. The tunable molecular building blocks act as an ideal platform for the experimental realization of topological spin lattices.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/sciadv.ads1641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chong-Kuong Ng, Tianle Chen, Bing-Feng Ju, Yuan-Liu Chen, Yungui Ma
Conventional blackbody cavities, known for their near-unity broadband omnidirectional emissivity (absorptivity), are however constrained by their large volume (e.g., >10 4 cm 3 ), imposing crucial restrictions on integration with existing devices. Here, we introduce the concept of metal blackbody microcavities, comprising thousands of microscale periodic pores created on metals, demonstrating excellent emissivity across visible and infrared (IR) ranges (exceeding 0.94 on average from 0.25 to 20 μm). In the long-wavelength IR (8 to 14 μm) region, near-unity emissivity was successfully achieved by 100-μm-deep metal microcavities with ultralow structural aspect ratios, facilitated by laser-textured multiscale surface morphologies that substantially enhance the light-trapping capabilities. Our findings demonstrate that microcavity-based patterns can produce local emissivity, tunable radiative intensity gradients, wide-angle feasibility, and high-temperature resistance, thereby enabling diverse applications in thermal IR displays such as thermal illusion, IR encryption, and grayscale thermal imaging. Notably, these blackbody microcavities are applicable to various metals, presenting considerable potential for use in extreme environments.
{"title":"Pixel-level metal blackbody microcavities via hierarchical laser writing","authors":"Chong-Kuong Ng, Tianle Chen, Bing-Feng Ju, Yuan-Liu Chen, Yungui Ma","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adu0608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adu0608","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional blackbody cavities, known for their near-unity broadband omnidirectional emissivity (absorptivity), are however constrained by their large volume (e.g., >10 <jats:sup>4</jats:sup> cm <jats:sup>3</jats:sup> ), imposing crucial restrictions on integration with existing devices. Here, we introduce the concept of metal blackbody microcavities, comprising thousands of microscale periodic pores created on metals, demonstrating excellent emissivity across visible and infrared (IR) ranges (exceeding 0.94 on average from 0.25 to 20 μm). In the long-wavelength IR (8 to 14 μm) region, near-unity emissivity was successfully achieved by 100-μm-deep metal microcavities with ultralow structural aspect ratios, facilitated by laser-textured multiscale surface morphologies that substantially enhance the light-trapping capabilities. Our findings demonstrate that microcavity-based patterns can produce local emissivity, tunable radiative intensity gradients, wide-angle feasibility, and high-temperature resistance, thereby enabling diverse applications in thermal IR displays such as thermal illusion, IR encryption, and grayscale thermal imaging. Notably, these blackbody microcavities are applicable to various metals, presenting considerable potential for use in extreme environments.","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tendon and ligament ruptures are prevalent, and severe sports injuries require surgical repair. In clinical practice, monitoring of tissue strain is critical to alert severe postoperative complications such as graft reinjury and loosening. Here, we present a sensor system that integrates a strain sensor and communication coil onto surgical silk sutures, enabling in situ monitoring and wireless readout of tissue strains via surgical implantation. The flexible sensor shows excellent adaptability to soft tissues, providing a strain monitoring range of 0 to 10% with a minimum detection threshold of 0.25% and maintaining stability more than 300,000 stretching cycles. The wireless sensor could be integrated with complex structures in surgical scenarios involving lateral collateral ligament injury and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, enabling distinct responses to graft stretching, reinjury, and loosening. Animal experiments demonstrate that the sensor can acquire real-time, clinical-grade strain data while exhibiting high biocompatibility. The sensor system shows considerable potential in evaluating preclinical implant performance and monitoring implant-related surgical complications.
{"title":"Implantable wireless suture sensor for in situ tendon and ligament strain monitoring","authors":"Guangmin Yang, Rongzan Lin, Haojie Li, Yuqiu Chen, Meiling Liu, Ziyang Luo, Kewei Wang, Jinying Tu, Yue Xu, Zixiao Fan, Yizhi Zhou, Yongwei Pan, Zhe Zhao, Ran Liu","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adt3811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adt3811","url":null,"abstract":"Tendon and ligament ruptures are prevalent, and severe sports injuries require surgical repair. In clinical practice, monitoring of tissue strain is critical to alert severe postoperative complications such as graft reinjury and loosening. Here, we present a sensor system that integrates a strain sensor and communication coil onto surgical silk sutures, enabling in situ monitoring and wireless readout of tissue strains via surgical implantation. The flexible sensor shows excellent adaptability to soft tissues, providing a strain monitoring range of 0 to 10% with a minimum detection threshold of 0.25% and maintaining stability more than 300,000 stretching cycles. The wireless sensor could be integrated with complex structures in surgical scenarios involving lateral collateral ligament injury and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, enabling distinct responses to graft stretching, reinjury, and loosening. Animal experiments demonstrate that the sensor can acquire real-time, clinical-grade strain data while exhibiting high biocompatibility. The sensor system shows considerable potential in evaluating preclinical implant performance and monitoring implant-related surgical complications.","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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