The Urgency Numeric Rating Scale: Psychometric Evaluation in Adults with Crohn’s Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Bowel urgency has recently been recognized as a Crohn’s disease (CD) symptom that substantially impacts patients’ quality of life. The Urgency NRS is a single-item patient-reported outcome measure assessing bowel urgency severity in the past 24 h (0–10 scale). We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Urgency Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) in adults with moderately to severely active CD and to estimate thresholds for meaningful improvement and bowel urgency remission.

Methods

Psychometric analyses used pooled data from the Phase 3 VIVID-1 study of mirikizumab, where participants with CD completed the Urgency NRS and other assessments. The Patient Global Rating of Severity (PGRS) and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) were used as primary anchors to estimate Urgency NRS thresholds representing meaningful improvement and remission.

Results

The Urgency NRS showed good test–retest reliability in participants who were stable based on PGRS and PGIC. It was moderately correlated with similar assessments and weakly correlated with endoscopic/laboratory assessments. It differentiated between participant subgroups varying in disease severity and quality of life based on PGRS and other assessments. It was sensitive to change, as Urgency NRS improvements during the trial differed between most PGRS change and PGIC categories. A 3–5-point reduction on the Urgency NRS represented meaningful improvement and a score of ≤ 2 represented remission.

Conclusion

The Urgency NRS demonstrated strong psychometric properties in the VIVID-1 population of moderately to severely active CD. Analyses also suggested meaningful improvement and remission thresholds.

Trial Registration

Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03926130. Registered 23 April 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03926130.