{"title":"Maternal fish oil supplementation enhances placental nutrient transport and mammary gland secretion via the GPR120 signaling pathway","authors":"Qihui Li, Qianzi Zhang, Senlin Su, Siwang Yang, Jiayuan Shao, Wutai Guan, Shihai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jare.2024.12.029","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Introduction</h3>Maternal fish oil (FO) supplementation during pregnancy has been shown to improve pregnancy outcomes. FO is recognized as dietary source for n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). While early research has focused on the benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 PUFAs for fetal neurodevelopment, retinal maturation and neonatal behavior, their roles in the placenta during late pregnancy and in the mammary gland during lactation still remain unknow.<h3>Objectives</h3>Here, we aim to clarify the mechanisms by which maternal supplementation with FO during pregnancy and lactation affects placental and mammary gland function.<h3>Methods</h3>We evaluated the effects of FO on maternal placental nutrient transport, mammary gland milk synthesis and offspring growth. We then explored the molecular mechanisms by which docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) affects the function of placental trophoblast cells and nutrient secretion of mammary epithelial cells through <em>in vitro</em> experiments. Finally, a lipopolysaccharide-challenged experiment was performed to access the potential of maternal FO supplementation in alleviating offspring intestinal inflammation.<h3>Results</h3>Maternal supplementation with FO during late pregnancy increased offspring birth weight, associated with enhanced maternal placental vascularization and nutrient transporter abundance. Additionally, maternal FO supplementation during lactation improved mammary gland secretion, increasing the fat, protein, and non-fat solids content in both colostrum and mature milk, thereby promoting offspring growth. The stimulatory effects of DHA on placental trophoblast cell function and nutrient secretion in mammary gland epithelial cells were mediated by GPR120 signaling pathways. Furthermore, maternal FO supplementation strengthened the placental barrier, reduced placental inflammation, oxidative stress and alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation in offspring.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Maternal FO supplementation during late pregnancy and lactation enhances offspring growth by increasing placental nutrient transport and mammary gland secretion function, mediated by GPR120. Additionally, maternal FO supplementation reduces the susceptibility of offspring to intestinal inflammation.","PeriodicalId":14952,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Advanced Research","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2024.12.029","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction
Maternal fish oil (FO) supplementation during pregnancy has been shown to improve pregnancy outcomes. FO is recognized as dietary source for n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). While early research has focused on the benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 PUFAs for fetal neurodevelopment, retinal maturation and neonatal behavior, their roles in the placenta during late pregnancy and in the mammary gland during lactation still remain unknow.
Objectives
Here, we aim to clarify the mechanisms by which maternal supplementation with FO during pregnancy and lactation affects placental and mammary gland function.
Methods
We evaluated the effects of FO on maternal placental nutrient transport, mammary gland milk synthesis and offspring growth. We then explored the molecular mechanisms by which docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) affects the function of placental trophoblast cells and nutrient secretion of mammary epithelial cells through in vitro experiments. Finally, a lipopolysaccharide-challenged experiment was performed to access the potential of maternal FO supplementation in alleviating offspring intestinal inflammation.
Results
Maternal supplementation with FO during late pregnancy increased offspring birth weight, associated with enhanced maternal placental vascularization and nutrient transporter abundance. Additionally, maternal FO supplementation during lactation improved mammary gland secretion, increasing the fat, protein, and non-fat solids content in both colostrum and mature milk, thereby promoting offspring growth. The stimulatory effects of DHA on placental trophoblast cell function and nutrient secretion in mammary gland epithelial cells were mediated by GPR120 signaling pathways. Furthermore, maternal FO supplementation strengthened the placental barrier, reduced placental inflammation, oxidative stress and alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation in offspring.
Conclusion
Maternal FO supplementation during late pregnancy and lactation enhances offspring growth by increasing placental nutrient transport and mammary gland secretion function, mediated by GPR120. Additionally, maternal FO supplementation reduces the susceptibility of offspring to intestinal inflammation.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Advanced Research (J. Adv. Res.) is an applied/natural sciences, peer-reviewed journal that focuses on interdisciplinary research. The journal aims to contribute to applied research and knowledge worldwide through the publication of original and high-quality research articles in the fields of Medicine, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dentistry, Physical Therapy, Veterinary Medicine, and Basic and Biological Sciences.
The following abstracting and indexing services cover the Journal of Advanced Research: PubMed/Medline, Essential Science Indicators, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed Central, PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and INSPEC.