Early maladaptive schemas, depression and anxiety in adolescent psychiatric out-patients.

IF 2 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI:10.1017/S1352465824000432

Hanna Ahrnberg, Jallu Lindblom, Riittakerttu Kaltiala, Max Karukivi

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Abstract

Background: A growing number of studies among adolescents have reported early maladaptive schemas (EMS) to associate with anxiety and depression within non-clinical samples. However, there is a gap of knowledge concerning clinical populations.

Aims: The current study's aim was to explore the potential association between EMS domains and anxiety and depressive symptoms within clinical sample of adolescents.

Method: The current study included 176 adolescent psychiatry out-patients. The EMS domains were measured with the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 2-Extended (YSQ). Their association with anxiety symptoms (the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale) and depressive symptoms (the Beck Depression Inventory II) were analysed with general linear models while controlling for significant confounding factors.

Results: Depressive symptoms were associated with three of the four EMS domains: Disconnection and Rejection (η²p=0.047, p=0.005), Impaired Autonomy and Performance (η²p=0.074, p<0.001), and Impaired Limits (η²p=0.053, p=0.003). Anxiety symptoms were associated with two EMS domains: Impaired Autonomy and Performance (η²p=0.046, p=0.005) and Excessive Responsibility and Standards (η²p=0.054, p=0.002).

Conclusions: Various EMS domains were associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms among adolescent out-patients. Further studies are needed on the effect of EMSs on the treatment outcomes for depression and anxiety.

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青少年精神科门诊患者的早期适应不良、抑郁和焦虑。

背景：在非临床样本中，越来越多的青少年研究报告了早期适应不良图式（EMS）与焦虑和抑郁有关。然而，关于临床人群的知识还存在空白。目的：本研究的目的是在青少年临床样本中探索EMS域与焦虑和抑郁症状之间的潜在关联。方法：选取176例青少年精神科门诊患者。EMS领域采用Young图式问卷-短表格2-扩展（YSQ）进行测量。它们与焦虑症状（总体焦虑严重程度和损害量表）和抑郁症状（贝克抑郁量表II）的关系在控制显著混杂因素的同时，用一般线性模型进行分析。结果：抑郁症状与四个EMS域中的三个域相关：断开与排斥（η2p=0.047, p=0.005），自主性和绩效受损（η2p=0.074, p2p=0.053, p=0.003）。焦虑症状与两个EMS域相关：自主性和绩效受损（η2p=0.046, p=0.005）和过度责任和标准（η2p=0.054, p=0.002）。结论：不同的EMS域与青少年门诊患者的抑郁和焦虑症状有关。EMSs对抑郁和焦虑治疗效果的影响有待进一步研究。

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来源期刊

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

5.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： An international multidisciplinary journal aimed primarily at members of the helping and teaching professions. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy features original research papers, covering both experimental and clinical work, that contribute to the theory, practice and evolution of cognitive and behaviour therapy. The journal aims to reflect and influence the continuing changes in the concepts, methodology, and techniques of behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy. A particular feature of the journal is its broad ranging scope - both in terms of topics and types of study covered. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy encompasses most areas of human behaviour and experience, and represents many different research methods, from randomized controlled trials to detailed case studies.