Polyphenol-rich extracts enhance growth, immune function, and antioxidant defense in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Frontiers in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-12-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fnut.2024.1487209
Aghil Mansoori, Hamid Allaf Noveirian, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Mirmasoud Sajjadi, Ghasem Ashouri, Roberta Imperatore, Marina Paolucci
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Abstract

Introduction: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of PMIX, a polyphenol-rich extract mixture from chestnut wood and olive, on growth performance, hematological parameters, immunity in serum and skin mucus, hepatic antioxidant enzymes, and intestinal cytokine expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Methods: Four experimental diets containing 0 g PMIX kg-1 diet (control, C), 0.5 g PMIX kg-1 diet (P0.5), 1 g PMIX kg-1 diet (P1), and 2 g PMIX kg-1 diet (P2) were fed to rainbow trout in an eight-week feeding trial. Triplicate groups of fish received each treatment. Growth performance, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency, hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices, hematological parameters, immunity markers, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, and intestinal cytokine expression were determined.

Results: PMIX supplementation significantly improved feed conversion ratios, while groups P0.5 and P1 evidenced an increase in growth performance along with protein efficiency ratios. It also showed decreased hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices in the P1 group. Except for higher percentages of monocytes in P0.5 and P1, most hematological parameters of the fish did not differ from that of the control. Serum lysozyme and respiratory burst activities were heightened in all PMIX-treated groups, and the skin mucus lysozyme activity was enhanced in P1. The blood phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, serum immunoglobulin, total protein, and bactericidal activity against A. hydrophila did not change. Hepatic superoxide dismutase activity significantly increased in P1 and P2, even though catalase activity did not change. Intestinal interleukin-6 expression was upregulated in all PMIX-treated groups, while tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta were upregulated in P1, P2, and P0.5 respectively.

Discussion: The present results evidence that dietary polyphenols from chestnut wood and olive extracts enhance growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and several immunological parameters in the blood, skin mucus, and intestine of rainbow trout. A suitable supplementation level was 1 g PMIX kg-1 diet to separate these improvements.

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简介本研究旨在探讨 PMIX(一种从栗木和橄榄中提取的富含多酚的混合物)对虹鳟鱼(Oncorhynchus mykiss)生长性能、血液学参数、血清和皮肤粘液中的免疫力、肝脏抗氧化酶和肠道细胞因子表达的影响:方法:在为期八周的喂养试验中,给虹鳟鱼喂食四种实验日粮:0 克 PMIX kg-1 日粮(对照组,C)、0.5 克 PMIX kg-1 日粮(P0.5)、1 克 PMIX kg-1 日粮(P1)和 2 克 PMIX kg-1 日粮(P2)。每种处理均分三组。测定了生长性能、饲料转化率、蛋白质效率、肝脏和粘液指数、血液学参数、免疫指标、肝脏抗氧化酶活性和肠道细胞因子表达:结果:添加 PMIX 能明显提高饲料转化率,P0.5 和 P1 组的生长性能和蛋白质效率比均有所提高。P1 组的肝脏和粘液指数也有所下降。除了 P0.5 和 P1 组的单核细胞百分比较高外,鱼类的大多数血液学参数与对照组没有差异。所有 PMIX 处理组的血清溶菌酶和呼吸爆发活性都有所提高,P1 组的皮肤粘液溶菌酶活性也有所提高。血液吞噬细胞活性和吞噬细胞指数、血清免疫球蛋白、总蛋白和对蚜虫的杀菌活性没有变化。肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性在 P1 和 P2 中显著增加,尽管过氧化氢酶活性没有变化。所有 PMIX 处理组的肠道白细胞介素-6 表达上调,而肿瘤坏死因子-α 和白细胞介素-1β 分别在 P1、P2 和 P0.5 组上调:本研究结果证明,从栗木和橄榄提取物中提取的膳食多酚可提高虹鳟鱼的生长性能、抗氧化能力以及血液、皮肤粘液和肠道中的多项免疫学指标。1 g PMIX kg-1 的日粮补充量是实现上述改善的合适水平。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Nutrition
Frontiers in Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.00%
发文量
2891
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health. Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.
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