Exploring Black Birthing Experiences: A Systematic Review and Social-Ecological Analysis of Disparities in the United States.

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI:10.1007/s40615-024-02254-z

Grace K Kyei, Evans F Kyei, Rockson Ansong, Hannah Durowaa Odei-Opoku

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Black birthing people in the United States face disproportionately high risks and adverse experiences during childbirth compared to their White counterparts. These challenges are shaped by a complex interplay of factors across individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels.

Objective: This systematic review explores the lived experiences of Black birthing people in the United States, using the Social Ecological Model to identify and analyze factors contributing to disparities in Black birthing health experiences.

Methods: Eighteen qualitative studies, published between 2017 and 2024 and encompassing a sample of 570 participants, were systematically reviewed. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases between March and May 2024. Studies were selected based on stringent inclusion criteria, and thematic analysis was applied to identify recurring factors that shape Black birthing experiences in the United States.

Results: Key themes include personal health beliefs, psychological stress, medical distrust, interactions with healthcare professionals, family and peer influences, and the pervasive effects of systemic racism and healthcare policies. Together, these factors contribute to ongoing disparities in Black birthing healthcare experiences for Black birthing people in the United States.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of culturally competent care, equitable healthcare policies, and strong community support systems in addressing the unique challenges faced by Black birthing people. Targeted interventions, policy reforms, and continued research are essential for improving Black birthing experiences and outcomes.

Impact: This review provides crucial insights into the multifaceted challenges in Black birthing experience emphasizing the need for culturally sensitive practices, policy changes for equity, and strengthened community resources. These steps are vital for ensuring respectful, equitable, and supportive experiences for Black birthing people in the United States.

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探索黑人生育经验：美国差异的系统回顾和社会生态学分析。

背景：在美国，与白人相比，黑人在分娩过程中面临着不成比例的高风险和不良经历。这些挑战是由个人、人际、组织、社区和政策层面的复杂因素相互作用形成的。目的：本系统综述探讨了美国黑人分娩人群的生活经历，运用社会生态模型识别和分析导致黑人分娩健康经历差异的因素。方法：系统回顾了2017年至2024年间发表的18项定性研究，涵盖了570名参与者的样本。在2024年3月至5月期间，对PubMed， CINAHL， PsycINFO和Scopus数据库进行了全面的搜索。根据严格的纳入标准选择研究，并应用主题分析来确定影响美国黑人生育经历的反复出现的因素。结果：关键主题包括个人健康信念、心理压力、医疗不信任、与医疗保健专业人员的互动、家庭和同伴的影响，以及系统性种族主义和医疗保健政策的普遍影响。综上所述，这些因素导致了美国黑人分娩医疗保健经验的持续差异。结论：研究结果强调了文化上合格的护理，公平的医疗保健政策和强大的社区支持系统在解决黑人分娩人群面临的独特挑战方面的重要性。有针对性的干预、政策改革和持续的研究对于改善黑人分娩经验和结果至关重要。影响：本综述对黑人分娩经验中的多方面挑战提供了重要见解，强调需要采取文化敏感的做法，改变政策以促进公平，并加强社区资源。这些步骤对于确保美国黑人孕妇获得尊重、公平和支持的经历至关重要。

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来源期刊

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.10%

发文量

263

期刊介绍： Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities reports on the scholarly progress of work to understand, address, and ultimately eliminate health disparities based on race and ethnicity. Efforts to explore underlying causes of health disparities and to describe interventions that have been undertaken to address racial and ethnic health disparities are featured. Promising studies that are ongoing or studies that have longer term data are welcome, as are studies that serve as lessons for best practices in eliminating health disparities. Original research, systematic reviews, and commentaries presenting the state-of-the-art thinking on problems centered on health disparities will be considered for publication. We particularly encourage review articles that generate innovative and testable ideas, and constructive discussions and/or critiques of health disparities.Because the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities receives a large number of submissions, about 30% of submissions to the Journal are sent out for full peer review.