Validation of a screening test based on symbols visual search to detect visuo-attentionnal reading difficulties

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Research in Developmental Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104897

Audrey Vialatte , Eric Chabanat , Agnes Witko , Laure Pisella

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Abstract

Objective

Visuo-attentional dyslexia has been associated with impaired simultaneous visual processing of multiple items made of separable features (i.e. symbols). We designed a visual search screening test, consisting to find the (unique) black circle among circles of various colours versus among circles combined with a bar of various length and location. We evaluated its reliability and its validity to detect visuo-attentional deficit prone to affect reading.

Results of study 1

Assessment of 2015 children between 3 and 11 years old established that the screening test was feasible from kindergarten, and that our index contrasting visual search performance for symbols relative to colours (the Temporal Gap) decreased with age. Satisfactory test–retest reliability of the standardised index (independent from age) was found on a sample of 69 individuals.

Results of study 2

Reading speed and inaccuracy assessed for 769 4th and 5th grades children were significantly correlated to the Temporal Gap. A Temporal Gap above 75th centile predicted reading efficiency deficit above 95th percentile with 63 % sensitivity and 71 % specificity.

Perspectives

Our screening test can be used in clinic to detect whether a child with developmental dyslexia presents visuo-attentional fragility prone to contribute to the reading difficulties. Its validity as early predictor of a risk to develop visuo-attentional dyslexia needs further investigation.

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基于符号视觉搜索检测视觉注意阅读困难的筛选试验的验证。

目的：视觉-注意力阅读障碍与由可分离特征（即符号）组成的多个项目的同时视觉处理受损有关。我们设计了一个视觉搜索筛选测试，包括在各种颜色的圆圈中找到（独特的）黑色圆圈，在不同长度和位置的圆圈中找到。我们评估了它在检测易影响阅读的视觉注意缺陷方面的信度和效度。研究1的结果：对2015名3至11岁儿童的评估表明，筛选测试从幼儿园开始是可行的，并且我们的对比符号相对于颜色的视觉搜索性能指数（时间差距）随着年龄的增长而下降。在69个个体的样本中，发现标准化指数的重测信度令人满意（与年龄无关）。研究2的结果：769名四年级和五年级儿童的阅读速度和不准确与时间差距显著相关。超过75百分位的时间差距预测超过95百分位的阅读效率缺陷，敏感性为63% %，特异性为71% %。观点：我们的筛选试验可用于临床检测发育性阅读障碍儿童是否表现出易导致阅读困难的视觉-注意力脆弱性。它作为视觉-注意力阅读障碍风险的早期预测指标的有效性需要进一步的研究。

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来源期刊

Research in Developmental Disabilities Multiple-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.50%

发文量

178

期刊介绍： Research In Developmental Disabilities is aimed at publishing original research of an interdisciplinary nature that has a direct bearing on the remediation of problems associated with developmental disabilities. Manuscripts will be solicited throughout the world. Articles will be primarily empirical studies, although an occasional position paper or review will be accepted. The aim of the journal will be to publish articles on all aspects of research with the developmentally disabled, with any methodologically sound approach being acceptable.