Carnot battery energy storage system integrated with liquid hydrogen cold energy: Thermodynamics, economic analysis and optimization

IF 9.9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Energy Conversion and Management Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119400

Huilin Zhang , Jianfeng Tang , Meng Qi , Tianbiao He

{"title":"Carnot battery energy storage system integrated with liquid hydrogen cold energy: Thermodynamics, economic analysis and optimization","authors":"Huilin Zhang , Jianfeng Tang , Meng Qi , Tianbiao He","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119400","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carnot battery systems provide a high-energy–density storage solution that is not geographically constrained, converting and storing electricity in thermal form. However, the integration of Carnot batteries with cryogenic energy storage, specifically the utilization of liquid hydrogen cold energy, is an underexplored area. A pioneering design is presented in this study where a Carnot battery system is integrated with a liquid hydrogen cold energy utilization system. Additionally, it captures the waste heat from fuel cells to achieve combined generation of cold, heat, and power. The study includes steady-state modeling, sensitivity analysis of key components, and optimization using a particle swarm optimization algorithm aimed at maximizing power-to-power efficiency. The optimized system achieves a power-to-power conversion efficiency of 1.59, an energy efficiency of 1.02, an exergy efficiency of 0.18, and an Levelized Cost of Storage of 0.1516 USD/kWh. These findings represent a significant advance in energy storage technology, offering a new direction for integrating liquid hydrogen cold energy in energy storage systems and peak power applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 119400"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Energy Conversion and Management","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890424013414","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Carnot battery systems provide a high-energy–density storage solution that is not geographically constrained, converting and storing electricity in thermal form. However, the integration of Carnot batteries with cryogenic energy storage, specifically the utilization of liquid hydrogen cold energy, is an underexplored area. A pioneering design is presented in this study where a Carnot battery system is integrated with a liquid hydrogen cold energy utilization system. Additionally, it captures the waste heat from fuel cells to achieve combined generation of cold, heat, and power. The study includes steady-state modeling, sensitivity analysis of key components, and optimization using a particle swarm optimization algorithm aimed at maximizing power-to-power efficiency. The optimized system achieves a power-to-power conversion efficiency of 1.59, an energy efficiency of 1.02, an exergy efficiency of 0.18, and an Levelized Cost of Storage of 0.1516 USD/kWh. These findings represent a significant advance in energy storage technology, offering a new direction for integrating liquid hydrogen cold energy in energy storage systems and peak power applications.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

液氢冷能集成卡诺电池储能系统：热力学、经济分析与优化

卡诺电池系统提供了一种不受地理限制的高能量密度存储解决方案，以热形式转换和存储电力。然而，卡诺电池与低温储能的结合，特别是液氢冷能的利用，是一个未被充分开发的领域。在本研究中提出了一种开创性的设计，其中卡诺电池系统与液氢冷能利用系统集成。此外，它还能从燃料电池中捕获废热，实现冷、热、电的联合发电。该研究包括稳态建模，关键部件的灵敏度分析，以及利用粒子群优化算法实现功率对功率效率最大化的优化。优化后的系统功率-功率转换效率为1.59，能源效率为1.02，火用效率为0.18，平准化储能成本为0.1516美元/千瓦时。这些发现代表了储能技术的重大进步，为将液氢冷能集成到储能系统和峰值功率应用中提供了新的方向。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Energy Conversion and Management 工程技术-力学

CiteScore

19.00

自引率

11.50%

发文量

1304

审稿时长

17 days

期刊介绍： The journal Energy Conversion and Management provides a forum for publishing original contributions and comprehensive technical review articles of interdisciplinary and original research on all important energy topics. The topics considered include energy generation, utilization, conversion, storage, transmission, conservation, management and sustainability. These topics typically involve various types of energy such as mechanical, thermal, nuclear, chemical, electromagnetic, magnetic and electric. These energy types cover all known energy resources, including renewable resources (e.g., solar, bio, hydro, wind, geothermal and ocean energy), fossil fuels and nuclear resources.