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Transitioning towards sustainable trucking: Assessing environmental-economic suitability of alternative fuels for long-haul, heavy-duty transport 向可持续卡车运输过渡:评估替代燃料在长途重型运输中的环境经济适用性
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121176
Arjun Bopaiah, Rory F.D. Monaghan
Heavy-duty trucks are a significant contributor to transport emissions. The transition from diesel to zero- or low-carbon renewable energy is a promising solution to decarbonising trucks. It remains unclear which low-carbon emission powertrain types are techno-economically competitive with diesel powertrains. This work conducts a comprehensive techno-economic and environmental analysis of four zero- or low-carbon emission powertrains: (1) battery electric vehicle, (2) fuel cell electric vehicle with onboard gaseous hydrogen storage, (3) fuel cell electric vehicle with onboard liquid hydrogen storage, and (4) gaseous hydrogen fuelled internal combustion engine vehicle. The total cost of ownership, well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions and the total cost of carbon abatement are evaluated for each truck type. The hourly electricity/hydrogen demand for trucks is met by modelling three different energy supply scenarios: (a) grid electricity, (b) wind, and (c) hybrid, which is a combination of wind and grid electricity compliant with the Renewable Energy Directive II. The results show that the most cost-effective zero- or low-emission trucking choice strongly depends on the energy supply scenario, large-scale stationary energy storage costs and the required driving distance of the trucks before refuelling/recharging. Battery electric vehicles are the most cost-effective trucking choice for required driving distances <600km/day in the hybrid scenario. The cost of operating battery electric vehicles increases sharply with driving distances 600km/day, and a fuel cell electric vehicle with onboard gaseous hydrogen storage provides the lowest ownership and carbon abatement costs in the hybrid scenario. The sensitivity analysis showed that higher truck fuel economy and deploying en-route refuelling stations improved the cost competitiveness of heavy-duty trucks. The findings from this study show that there is no one-size-fits-all solution, and both battery and hydrogen trucks have a role in decarbonising trucks.
重型卡车是交通排放的重要来源。从柴油过渡到零碳或低碳的可再生能源是一个很有希望的解决方案,以减少卡车的碳排放。目前尚不清楚哪种低碳排放动力系统在技术经济上能与柴油动力系统竞争。本文对四种零排放或低碳排放的动力系统进行了全面的技术经济和环境分析:(1)电池电动汽车,(2)车载气体储氢燃料电池电动汽车,(3)车载液态氢燃料电池电动汽车,(4)气态氢燃料内燃机汽车。对每种卡车的总拥有成本、从油井到车轮的温室气体排放和碳减排的总成本进行了评估。卡车每小时的电力/氢需求通过模拟三种不同的能源供应方案来满足:(a)电网电力,(b)风能和(c)混合动力,即风能和电网电力的结合,符合可再生能源指令II。结果表明,最具成本效益的零排放或低排放卡车运输选择在很大程度上取决于能源供应情景、大规模固定储能成本和卡车加油/充电前所需的行驶距离。在混合动力情况下,电池电动汽车是最具成本效益的卡车运输选择,因为需要每天行驶600公里。当行驶距离≥600公里/天时,电池电动汽车的运营成本会急剧增加,而在混合动力场景下,配备气氢存储系统的燃料电池电动汽车的拥有成本和碳减排成本最低。灵敏度分析表明,提高载重汽车燃油经济性和加氢站的设置提高了载重汽车的成本竞争力。这项研究的结果表明,没有放之四海而皆准的解决方案,电池和氢燃料卡车在卡车脱碳方面都有自己的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Constructing a novel closed-loop and efficient pathway for multi-functional CO2 utilization in concentrated solar power systems 构建聚光太阳能系统中多功能CO2利用的新型闭环高效途径
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121187
Yang Yu, Zhipeng Zhang, Binjian Nie, Nan He, Qicheng Chen, Zhihui Wang, Liang Yao
In concentrated solar thermochemical cycles, CO2 utilization enables both energy storage and release. However, the high energy consumption associated with CO2 compression has limited the overall performance of solar power generation. In this work, an energy storage system coupling thermochemical and electrochemical cycles is proposed. This system constructs a “heat storage − electricity storage − electricity release − heat release” closed-loop path for the multi-functional utilization of CO2, achieving efficient and low-cost green power production. Energy analysis showed that the thermoelectric cycle coupling enabled the thermochemical subsystem to achieve a round-trip efficiency of 37.78 %, which represented a relative increase of 9.54 % compared to the conventional thermochemical system. Furthermore, the peak round-trip efficiency of the electrochemical subsystem is 74.70 %. The hybrid system achieved a maximum round-trip efficiency of 52.28%. Exergy analysis revealed that the thermochemical subsystem achieved an exergy efficiency of 41.55 %. The hybrid system achieved an exergy efficiency of 53.47%, with a relative increase of 28.69 %. Economic analysis showed that the hybrid system achieved the levelized cost of 94.55 $/MWh, representing a reduction of 40.42 % compared to the conventional thermochemical storage system. Therefore, this hybrid system has great potential for the multi-functional utilization of CO2.
在集中的太阳能热化学循环中,二氧化碳的利用使能量储存和释放成为可能。然而,与二氧化碳压缩相关的高能耗限制了太阳能发电的整体性能。在这项工作中,提出了一种热化学和电化学循环耦合的储能系统。该系统构建了“蓄热-蓄电-放电-放热”的闭环路径,实现二氧化碳的多功能利用,实现高效、低成本的绿色发电。能量分析表明,热电循环耦合使热化学子系统的往返效率达到37.78%,比常规热化学系统相对提高9.54%。电化学子系统的峰值往返效率为74.70%。混合动力系统的最大往返效率为52.28%。火用分析表明,热化学子系统的火用效率为41.55%。混合动力系统的火用效率为53.47%,相对提高28.69%。经济分析表明,混合系统实现了94.55美元/兆瓦时的平准化成本,与传统热化学储能系统相比降低了40.42%。因此,这种混合系统在二氧化碳的多功能利用方面具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Optimising the transition of Swedish energy systems through sector coupling of power and district heating 通过电力和区域供热的部门耦合优化瑞典能源系统的过渡
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121165
Mohammad Saeid Atabaki, Helge Averfalk, Kristian Widén, Erik Möllerström, Henrik Gadd, Urban Persson
The future energy systems dominated by variable renewable energy sources require system flexibility for balancing fluctuating supply and demand. This study is motivated by the need to investigate how sector coupling between the power and district heating sectors can enhance flexibility. It is hypothesised that a partially disaggregated sector-coupling approach can efficiently capture interactions between energy generation, conversion, and storage technologies. A mathematical optimisation framework is developed to analyse cost-optimal and environmentally benign energy system transitions in Sweden up to 2050. The model accounts for the ten largest Swedish district heating systems integrated within the national power system. Results reveal that wind turbines, with a 56% share, supported by electricity storage dominate electricity generation in 2050. Electricity storage enables demand to be met with 7% lower installed power generation capacity. The resulting generation mix drives a shift in district heating supply, with the heat generation share of combined heat and power plants declining to 24% and that of heat pumps increasing to 61% by 2050. Seasonal thermal storage systems play an important role in this shift, supplying 11% of district heating demand. However, transitions towards low-temperature district heating reduce the seasonal storage share while further favouring heat pumps (up to 80% of heat generation). Increased availability of stable waste heat for direct district heating supply also diminishes the role of seasonal heat storage. Overall, the results highlight that district heating provides a flexibility service for the energy system, but multiple flexibility solutions are needed to fully exploit electricity oversupply.
以多变的可再生能源为主导的未来能源系统需要系统的灵活性来平衡波动的供需。本研究的动机是需要调查电力和区域供热部门之间的部门耦合如何提高灵活性。假设部分分解的部门耦合方法可以有效地捕获能源生成、转换和存储技术之间的相互作用。开发了一个数学优化框架来分析瑞典到2050年的成本优化和环境友好型能源系统转型。该模型考虑了整合在国家电力系统中的十个最大的瑞典区域供热系统。结果显示,到2050年,由电力储存支持的风力涡轮机将以56%的份额主导发电。电力存储能够以7%的装机容量来满足需求。由此产生的发电组合推动了区域供热供应的转变,到2050年,热电联产电厂的产热份额下降到24%,热泵的产热份额增加到61%。季节性储热系统在这一转变中发挥了重要作用,提供了11%的区域供热需求。然而,向低温区域供热的过渡减少了季节性储存份额,同时进一步有利于热泵(高达80%的热量产生)。增加可用的稳定余热直接区域供热供应也减少了季节性储热的作用。总体而言,结果强调区域供热为能源系统提供了灵活的服务,但需要多种灵活的解决方案来充分利用电力供应过剩。
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引用次数: 0
Heat integration aspects of exothermic biomethanation ─ A pilot reactor with shell-and-tube heat exchange capability 放热生物甲烷化的热集成方面─具有管壳换热能力的中试反应器
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121168
Nicolaas Engelbrecht, Herald W. Ambrose, Mads U. Sieborg, Michael V.W. Kofoed
Biomethane (CH4) production from green hydrogen (H2) is a renewable replacement for fossil natural gas. As in the case of other hydrogenation reactions, the methanation of CO2 for biomethane production is an exothermic process, which produces heat equivalent to 23% of the converted H2′s heating value (HHV). During the scaling and advancement of technology readiness of trickle-bed biomethanation, exothermic heat production has become apparent and needs addressing via suitable experimental development to achieve stable thermal operation. This work presents the integration of an internal heat exchanger into a pilot-scale trickle-bed reactor for the biomethanation of raw biogas as CO2 source. Without heat integration, the performance of the reactor tested was limited to a specific CH4 productivity of 6.9 NLCH4 LR-1 d-1, with a severe axial temperature gradient not optimal for stable thermal operation. With the active use of the heat exchanger and a feed gas pre-heating stage, the CH4 productivity was enhanced up to 13.4 NLCH4 LR-1 d-1, with a much smaller temperature gradient (48–71°C). In the future, other external off-takers that utilize the produced reaction heat will contribute to higher overall biomethanation efficiencies. This paper therefore also presents three energy balance scenarios (i.e. theoretical, pilot experimental, and future industry-scale) that exemplify the requirements and opportunities of heat-integrated biomethanation.
绿色氢(H2)生产生物甲烷(CH4)是化石天然气的可再生替代品。与其他加氢反应一样,用于生产生物甲烷的CO2甲烷化是一个放热过程,其产生的热量相当于转化H2热值(HHV)的23%。在滴流床生物甲烷化的规模化和技术成熟度提升过程中,放热产热问题已经显现出来,需要通过适当的实验开发来解决,以实现稳定的热运行。这项工作提出了一个内部热交换器集成到一个中试规模滴床反应器中,用于原料沼气作为二氧化碳源的生物甲烷化。在没有热集成的情况下,所测试的反应器的CH4生产率被限制在6.9 NLCH4 LR-1 d-1,轴向温度梯度严重,不适合稳定的热运行。通过积极使用换热器和原料气预热阶段,CH4产率提高到13.4 NLCH4 LR-1 d-1,温度梯度(48-71°C)大大减小。在未来,利用产生的反应热的其他外部吸收物将有助于提高总体生物甲烷化效率。因此,本文还提出了三种能量平衡情景(即理论,试点实验和未来工业规模),以举例说明热集成生物甲烷化的需求和机会。
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引用次数: 0
Big data-driven optimization framework for solar cell design 大数据驱动的太阳能电池设计优化框架
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121175
Nur Amilya Zainul Asri, Mohammad Shaheer Akhtar, Seung Beop Lee
This work presents a simulation-driven, constraint-aware optimization framework for the systematic design of crystalline silicon solar cells. The proposed framework integrates automated large-scale device simulation with explicit feasibility filtering and objective-function evaluation to identify optimal design configurations within a predefined parameter space. A high-resolution simulation dataset comprising 14,641 design cases was generated using PC1D to capture performance trends with respect to key structural and electrical parameters. The optimal configuration identified through the proposed workflow achieved a conversion efficiency of 29.39% under the specified simulation conditions. To assess robustness, a subset of corresponding cases was independently evaluated using SCAPS, demonstrating consistent convergence to the same optimal design and confirming trend-level agreement across different simulation environments. It is emphasized that the proposed framework is demonstrated and validated exclusively for crystalline silicon solar cells in this study. The reported performance values represent deterministic simulation outcomes dependent on simulator assumptions, and experimental fabrication-level validation is required for practical deployment. The term “large-scale dataset” refers to a high-resolution simulation-driven design-space exploration rather than a machine-learning-scale dataset. Accordingly, the framework should be interpreted as a decision-support and trend-based optimization tool that can guide device-level design prior to fabrication, rather than as an absolute predictor of real-world performance or a turnkey solution for immediate deployment.
这项工作提出了一个模拟驱动的约束感知优化框架,用于晶体硅太阳能电池的系统设计。该框架将自动化大规模设备仿真与显式可行性滤波和目标函数评估相结合,以在预定义的参数空间内识别最佳设计配置。使用PC1D生成了包含14,641个设计案例的高分辨率模拟数据集,以捕获有关关键结构和电气参数的性能趋势。在指定的仿真条件下,通过所提出的工作流确定的最优配置的转换效率为29.39%。为了评估鲁棒性,使用SCAPS独立评估了相应案例的子集,证明了相同优化设计的一致性收敛性,并确认了不同模拟环境的趋势水平一致性。值得强调的是,在本研究中,所提出的框架仅针对晶体硅太阳能电池进行了演示和验证。报告的性能值代表了依赖于模拟器假设的确定性模拟结果,并且需要实验制造级别的验证才能进行实际部署。“大规模数据集”指的是高分辨率模拟驱动的设计空间探索,而不是机器学习规模的数据集。因此,该框架应该被解释为决策支持和基于趋势的优化工具,可以在制造之前指导设备级设计,而不是作为真实性能的绝对预测器或立即部署的交钥匙解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of distributed battery energy storage controlled by optimization-based home energy management systems implementing various objective functions on the voltage profiles in the low-voltage network with a high saturation of prosumer photovoltaic micro-installations 实现多种目标函数的基于优化的家庭能源管理系统控制分布式电池储能对产消级光伏微装置高饱和低压电网电压分布的影响
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121148
Roman Korab, Marcin Połomski, Marcin Smołka, Tomasz Naczyński
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引用次数: 0
Experimental and numerical investigations of water–ice phase change under non-uniform cold source configurations 非均匀冷源配置下水冰相变的实验与数值研究
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121163
Qingyu Yang, Tao Yang, Wenqiang Zhang, Jun Shen
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引用次数: 0
Energy modeling and performance of volumetric 3D printing for multi-material efficient production 多材料高效生产的体积3D打印的能量建模和性能
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121186
Zhisi Xie, Zuke Yiyang, Jiaochang Wu, Yongchao Liao, Yan’e Gao, Kee-hung Lai, Wei Cai
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引用次数: 0
Experimental characterization and analysis of phase change material-based thermal energy storage system for refrigerated display case 基于相变材料的冷藏陈列柜蓄热系统的实验表征与分析
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121143
Ravi Anant Kishore, Jason Woods, Yana Galazutdinova, Monica Cook, Said Al-Hallaj, Kyle Foster, Ramin Faramarzi
{"title":"Experimental characterization and analysis of phase change material-based thermal energy storage system for refrigerated display case","authors":"Ravi Anant Kishore, Jason Woods, Yana Galazutdinova, Monica Cook, Said Al-Hallaj, Kyle Foster, Ramin Faramarzi","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Operational optimization for joint carbon emissions reduction and SO2 removal in semi-dry flue gas desulfurization 半干法烟气脱硫中碳减排与SO2联合脱除的操作优化
IF 10.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121171
Zichang Che, Sihong Cheng, Wenbo Zhang, Yi Xing, Wei Su
{"title":"Operational optimization for joint carbon emissions reduction and SO2 removal in semi-dry flue gas desulfurization","authors":"Zichang Che, Sihong Cheng, Wenbo Zhang, Yi Xing, Wei Su","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Energy Conversion and Management
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