Allergens in ophthalmic medicaments in New Zealand

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Australasian Journal of Dermatology Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI:10.1111/ajd.14395

Carneshika Bernadette Hettiaratchi BSc, MBChB, Harriet Kennedy BHB, MBChB, FRACP

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Abstract

Background/Objectives

Eyelid allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) attributed to ophthalmic medications is often underreported, which can result in poor outcomes. Patch testing for eyelid ACD requires up-to-date knowledge of potential allergens. The aim of this study was to investigate allergens in ophthalmic medicaments in New Zealand.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional review of ophthalmic medicaments available in New Zealand in October 2023. Prescription and over-the-counter products were catalogued with their respective ingredient lists according to product data sheets. Products unapproved for use as per Section 29 of the Medicines Act 1981, or that were unavailable for purchase were excluded. Ingredients were classified according to their function. Allergens in the New Zealand Baseline Series Extended (NZBSE) were recorded.

Results

Seventy-three topical ophthalmic medicaments were identified with a total of 143 formulations (brands). Twenty-eight formulations were excluded, leaving a total of 67 topical medicaments (115 formulations) for analysis. Fifty-eight per cent of formulations contained at least one NZBSE allergen. The most frequently identified NZBSE allergen was benzalkonium chloride (contained in 48% of formulations), followed by propylene glycol (6%), lanolin (4%), parabens (4%), caine anaesthetics (2%), neomycin sulphate (2%), and cetearyl alcohol (1%).

Conclusions

The majority of ophthalmic preparations contain known allergens. Patch test series must be based on local data and revised regularly to ensure the diagnostic accuracy of patch testing. Patch testing patient's own products is imperative.

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新西兰眼科药物中的过敏原。

背景/目的：眼科药物引起的眼睑过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）经常被低估，这可能导致不良的预后。眼睑ACD的贴片测试需要最新的潜在过敏原知识。本研究的目的是调查新西兰眼科药物中的过敏原。方法：我们对2023年10月新西兰可用的眼科药物进行了横断面回顾。处方药和非处方药根据产品数据表进行分类，并附有各自的成分表。根据《1981年药品法案》第29条未批准使用的产品或无法购买的产品不包括在内。成分按其功能分类。记录新西兰基线系列扩展（NZBSE）中的过敏原。结果：鉴定出73种眼用药物，共143个剂型（品牌）。28种制剂被排除在外，总共留下67种外用药物（115种制剂）供分析。58%的配方含有至少一种NZBSE过敏原。最常见的NZBSE过敏原是苯甲氯铵（含有48%的配方），其次是丙二醇（6%）、羊毛脂（4%）、对羟基苯甲酸酯（4%）、卡因麻醉剂（2%）、硫酸新霉素（2%）和蜡醇（1%）。结论：大多数眼科制剂含有已知的过敏原。补丁测试系列必须以当地数据为基础，并定期修订，以保证补丁测试诊断的准确性。对患者自己的产品进行补丁测试是必要的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Australasian Journal of Dermatology 医学-皮肤病学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

5.00%

发文量

186

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Australasian Journal of Dermatology is the official journal of the Australasian College of Dermatologists and the New Zealand Dermatological Society, publishing peer-reviewed, original research articles, reviews and case reports dealing with all aspects of clinical practice and research in dermatology. Clinical presentations, medical and physical therapies and investigations, including dermatopathology and mycology, are covered. Short articles may be published under the headings ‘Signs, Syndromes and Diagnoses’, ‘Dermatopathology Presentation’, ‘Vignettes in Contact Dermatology’, ‘Surgery Corner’ or ‘Letters to the Editor’.