Understanding stress-induced transmission of peripherally derived factors into the brain and responses in non-neuronal cells.

Abstract

Stress is a significant cause of mental disorders, for which effective treatments remain limited due to an insufficient understanding of its pathogenic mechanisms. Recent research has increasingly focused on non-neuronal cells to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying psychopathology. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system, including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, respond to peripherally derived stress-related factors and how these responses contribute to the development of mental disorders. A more comprehensive understanding of stress-induced alterations, with careful consideration of the type and timing of stress exposure, will provide fundamental insights into the pathogenesis of diverse stress-related mental disorders.