Applicability of Smart Insulation High-Temperature Superconducting Coils in Rotating Electric Machines

Abstract

This study explores the application of Smart Insulation (SI) technology in high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils for rotating electric machines, aimed at enhancing operational stability and efficiency. SI technology acts as an insulator below 160 K and becomes conductive above this temperature, enabling current redistribution during quench events to improve thermal stability. We integrated SI into a 100 kW superconducting motor and conducted extensive tests using a 250 kW universal inverter and EV dynamometer. Despite initial cooling limitations capping output at 30 kW, the SI-equipped motor withstood multiple quench events without damage. Unlike traditional insulated coils prone to overheating, SI coils efficiently prevented hot spots, ensuring stable operation. These results highlight the potential of SI technology to improve the performance and resilience of HTS motors under variable load conditions.