Incidence and risk factors of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in elderly patients with hypertension.

Abstract

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) poses a significant clinical challenge, especially in older patients with HT. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing HFpEF occurrence in elderly patients with HT.

Methods: Elderly patients with HT were categorized into two groups: no HFpEF group and HFpEF group based on HFpEF diagnosis. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic data was conducted. Logistic regression analysis and joint prediction modeling were used to identify predictive factors for HFpEF.

Results: Several factors were associated with HFpEF, including age, body mass index, duration of HT, atrial fibrillation (AF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), stroke, systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum creatinine (SCr), N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), heart rate, serum sodium, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglyceride, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), E/e' ratio, left atrial diameter, tricuspid regurgitation velocity, mitral regurgitation and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The joint prediction model shown high accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.840.

Conclusions: This study provided insights into the incidence rate and risk factors of HFpEF in elderly patients with HT. Key determinants included age, blood pressure, biomarkers, and echocardiographic parameters.