The relationship between long COVID, labor productivity, and socioeconomic losses in Japan: A cohort study

IF 1.5 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES IJID regions Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI:10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100495

Shunichiro Konishi , Katsunori Masaki , Kyoko Shimamoto , Yoko Ibuka , Rei Goto , Ho Namkoong , Shotaro Chubachi , Hideki Terai , Takanori Asakura , Jun Miyata , Shuhei Azekawa , Kensuke Nakagawara , Hiromu Tanaka , Atsuho Morita , Norihiro Harada , Hitoshi Sasano , Ai Nakamura , Yu Kusaka , Takehiko Ohba , Yasushi Nakano , Koichi Fukunaga

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Abstract

Objectives

We examined shifts in labor productivity and their economic ramifications among adult patients with long COVID in Japan.

Methods

A total of 396 patients were categorized into three groups based on symptom progression: non-long COVID, long COVID recovered, and long COVID persistent. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed at three time intervals: 3, 6, and 12 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Labor productivity was gauged through presenteeism and absenteeism, measured using the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire.

Results

Long COVID was observed in 52.7% of patients, and 29.3% of all the patients continued to experience long COVID symptoms 1 year after diagnosis. At all three time points (3, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis), the long COVID persistent group showed a statistically significant difference in absolute presenteeism compared with the non-long COVID and long COVID recovered groups (P <0.01). Economic loss owing to decrease in labor productivity was calculated as $21,659 per year in the long COVID persistent group and $9008 per year in the long COVID recovered group (P <0.01).

Conclusion

The study's results revealed a notable decline in labor productivity over time, underscoring the importance of early detection and intervention to mitigate the socio-economic repercussions of long COVID, in addition to its health implications.

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日本长期COVID、劳动生产率和社会经济损失之间的关系：一项队列研究。

目的：我们研究了日本成年长冠肺炎患者的劳动生产率变化及其经济影响。方法：将396例患者根据症状进展分为非长时间COVID、长时间COVID恢复和长时间COVID持续3组。在COVID-19诊断后3、6和12个月三个时间间隔评估患者报告的结果。劳动生产率通过出勤率和缺勤率来衡量，使用世界卫生组织健康和工作绩效问卷来衡量。结果：52.7%的患者出现长COVID，其中29.3%的患者在诊断1年后仍出现长COVID症状。在所有三个时间点（诊断后3、6和12个月），与非长时间COVID和长时间COVID恢复组相比，长时间COVID持续组的绝对出勤率显示出统计学上的显著差异(P P结论：研究结果显示，随着时间的推移，劳动生产率显着下降，强调了早期发现和干预的重要性，以减轻长时间COVID的社会经济影响，以及对健康的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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