Comparative phytochemical and biological assessment of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel extracts at different growth stages in the Taif region, Saudi Arabia

IF 1.6 3区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Natural Product Research Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI:10.1080/14786419.2024.2440931

Afzal Hussain , Feras Albasha , Nasir A. Siddiqui , Fohad Mabood Husain , Ashok Kumar , Khalid M. AlGhamdi , Syed Rizwan Ahamad , Omer M. Almarfadi , Omar Mohammed Ali Noman , Mohamed Fahad Alajmi , Md. Tabish Rehman

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Abstract

The medicinal and commercial value of pomegranate peel is attributed to its rich content of phenolic compounds, yet little is known about their concentrations and biological activity across different ripening stages. Pomegranate peels at different growth stages 1–3 (40, 80, and 120 days after fruit appearance respectively) were collected, dried, and macerated with 90% methanol. Stage 2 and stage 3 extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes. Further, stage 2 extract showed highest efficacy against lung, breast, and liver cancer cells with IC₅₀ values of 19.76 ± 1.3, 24.28 ± 6.99, and 16.04 ± 2.78 µg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking, and simulation further confirmed the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of the most prominent stage 2 phytoconstituent (γ-Sitosterol). The study indicates that stage 2 pomegranate peel extract has potential as a safe and natural antimicrobial and cytotoxic agent. However, additional in vitro and in vivo testing is needed to validate these results.

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在沙特阿拉伯塔伊夫地区不同生长阶段石榴皮提取物的比较植物化学和生物学评价。

石榴皮的药用和商业价值归因于其丰富的酚类化合物含量，但对其浓度和不同成熟阶段的生物活性知之甚少。收集不同生长阶段1-3（分别为果实出现后40、80和120天）的石榴皮，干燥，并用90%甲醇浸泡。2期和3期提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和单核细胞增生乳杆菌具有显著的抑菌活性。2期提取物对肺癌、乳腺癌和肝癌细胞的IC50值最高，分别为19.76±1.3、24.28±6.99和16.04±2.78µg/mL。分子对接和模拟进一步证实了其中最突出的第2阶段植物成分（γ-谷甾醇）的抗菌和细胞毒活性。研究表明，第2阶段石榴皮提取物具有作为一种安全、天然的抗菌和细胞毒性药物的潜力。然而，需要额外的体外和体内试验来验证这些结果。

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来源期刊

Natural Product Research 化学-医药化学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

9.10%

发文量

605

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： The aim of Natural Product Research is to publish important contributions in the field of natural product chemistry. The journal covers all aspects of research in the chemistry and biochemistry of naturally occurring compounds. The communications include coverage of work on natural substances of land and sea and of plants, microbes and animals. Discussions of structure elucidation, synthesis and experimental biosynthesis of natural products as well as developments of methods in these areas are welcomed in the journal. Finally, research papers in fields on the chemistry-biology boundary, eg. fermentation chemistry, plant tissue culture investigations etc., are accepted into the journal. Natural Product Research issues will be subtitled either ""Part A - Synthesis and Structure"" or ""Part B - Bioactive Natural Products"". for details on this , see the forthcoming articles section. All manuscript submissions are subject to initial appraisal by the Editor, and, if found suitable for further consideration, to peer review by independent, anonymous expert referees. All peer review is single blind and submission is online via ScholarOne Manuscripts.