Natural Product Research最新文献

Monguba seeds are recognised for their nutritional and phenolic compounds contents. However, the effect of drying on their phenolic profile, as well as metabolomics characterisation of these seeds are still poorly understood. This communication investigated phenolic compounds in raw, dried and double-dried seeds and performed the untargeted metabolomics in dried seeds. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that milder drying (150 °C/20 min) favoured the overall phenolic compound content, while prolonged heating (150 °C/20 min plus 105 °C/6 h) promoted temperature-dependent reductions. The untargeted metabolomic profiling tentatively identified 35 metabolites, including newly reported compounds such as pyrogalol and gingerol. The HPLC-DAD results indicate that drying can favour the availability of phenolics and the metabolomic profile offers new perspectives on the bioactive composition and possible nutraceutical application of monguba seeds. Additional studies are needed to broaden knowledge about the chemical profile and assess potential health-related bioactive ffects.

Twenty non-redundant actinomycete strains were isolated from mangrove sediments collected in Quanzhou, China, and evaluated for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Several isolates showed pronounced bioactivities, among which Streptomyces sp. H-26 exhibited strong antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli, with an inhibition zone diameter of 21.06 mm. In addition, Streptomyces malaysiensis H-60 and Streptomyces sp. H-88 displayed potent cytotoxicity towards human cancer cell lines, with IC₅₀ values of 2.09 ± 1.57 μg/mL (HeLa) and 4.43 ± 0.31 μg/mL (A549) for H-60, and 5.80 ± 0.43 μg/mL (HeLa) and 5.63 ± 0.43 μg/mL (A549) for H-88. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-based metabolite profiling enabled the annotation of 47 secondary metabolites, including known bioactive polyketides and several strain-specific components lacking database matches. Correlation of metabolite profiles with bioactivities revealed distinct chemical patterns underlying strain-dependent antibacterial and cytotoxic effects. These findings highlight mangrove-derived actinomycetes as promising sources of bioactive natural products.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women and a primary contributor to cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances in treatment, a substantial number of patients with metastatic breast cancer remain unresponsive to treatment. Accordingly, we prepared multiple chrysin-based triazine compounds to assess their anti-proliferative activity against human malignancies, particularly targeting breast cancer cell apoptosis and the related molecular pathways. RQ-6 demonstrated potent inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, adhesion, and invasion, and induced apoptosis. Additionally, RQ-6 modulated the levels of apoptosis-related proteins and transcriptomically suggested the activation of pathways such as caspase-3, p53, and TNF. In conclusion, RQ-6 demonstrates notable in vitro antineoplastic efficacy in breast cancer cell lines and shows promise as a candidate for further investigation as a therapeutic intervention in breast cancer. Future studies are warranted to confirm the selectivity and in vivo potential of this compound.

Phytochemical analysis of Blumea megacephala root soil fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. BG1083 led to the isolation of four decumbic acid derivatives, including a new one phenylethyl ester of decumbic acid (1) and a jasmonic acid analogues, lasiodiplodin acid A (5). Decumbic acid (3) showed the weak antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans with Minimum inhibitory oncentration (MIC) of 128 μg/mL. Lasiodiplodin acid A (5) showed the weak activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC of 256 μg/mL.

Oxidative stress denotes an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to neutralise them effectively. These ROS play a direct role in pathophysiological mechanisms and have been linked to a wide range of diseases. Therefore, this study evaluated the biochemical effects and toxicity of melatonin in Nauphoeta cinerea, focusing on its antioxidant properties and potential toxicological risks. Melatonin was applied to the third abdominal segment of N. cinerea, and after 24 h, biochemical assays were performed following toxicity monitoring and in silico analyses of toxicity, biological interaction and antitumor. Melatonin exhibited dose-dependent toxicity, with notable effects on hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, respiratory toxicity, immunotoxicity, and ecotoxicity. It also demonstrated potential endocrine-disrupting activity and interactions with hepatic enzymes. In addition, it demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against several tumour cell lines, particularly pulmonary and uterine adenocarcinomas, while displaying minimal toxicity to normal gastric cells. Despite its low activity in the DPPH assay, melatonin influenced oxidative stress markers in vivo, reducing malondialdehyde levels and altering iron and protein thiol concentrations (500 μg/mL), indicating a complex role in oxidative metabolism. These findings suggest the potential of melatonin as an antitumor agent but also highlight the need for caution due to its toxicological profile in application to the abdomen of N. cinerea.

The liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometer analysis of Leptadenia reticulata leaf extracts identified 14 different and 3 common phytochemicals, including bioactive compounds such as isoferulic acid, caffeic acid, and quercetin derivatives, which are known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In antimicrobial assays, both the aqueous (DB-L2) and methanolic (DB-L1) extracts demonstrated significant growth inhibition across all tested strains, with the aqueous extract showing exceptional potency against Bacillus subtilis, effectively outperforming the standard. Safety evaluations using the zebrafish embryo model revealed that the extracts possess a high safety margin, as no lethal toxicity or significant developmental deformities were observed at concentrations up to 2000 µg/mL.

Characterising the chemical composition of Halogeton sativus (L.) Moq. essential oil and its AcOEt (HSAE) and n-BuOH (HSBE) fractions aimed to evaluate their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and photoprotective properties. The main volatile components were tetracosane (14.55%), pentacosane (18.09%), and hexahydrofarnesylacetone (46.45%). Key phenolic constituents included gentisic, salicylic, chlorogenic, caffeic, and p-coumaric acids, with quercetin being the predominant compound in HSAE (33.62 mg/g). Antioxidant tests (DPPH•, ABTS^•+, FRAP, and phenanthroline) indicated that HSAE demonstrated higher capacity (IC₅₀ = 7.90 ± 0.15 μg/mL, IC₅₀ = 13.36 ± 0.01 μg/mL, A_0.5 = 16.14 ± 0.09 μg/mL, and A_0.5 = 16.14 ± 0.09 μg/mL, respectively). Both HSBE and HSAE exhibited photoprotective efficacy with an SPF value around 33.9. Their anti-inflammatory potential was significant, with IC₅₀ values of 35.16 ± 0.93 and 78.15 ± 0.13 µg/mL, respectively. These findings suggest the possible applications of H. sativus for reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and UV damage protection.

This study presents a comparative LC-HRMS-based phytochemical profiling of Campanula saxifraga subsp. meyeriana (Rupr.) Ogan and Campanula saxifraga subsp. aucheri (A.DC.) Ogan collected in Azerbaijan. In C. saxifraga subsp. meyeriana, 21 compounds were identified in root extracts and 23 in aerial parts, with astragalin (672 ng/mg extract), quercetin-3-rutinoside-7-glucoside (671.9 ng/mg extract), and kaempferol (255 ng/mg extract) as major constituents. In C. saxifraga subsp. aucheri, 40 compounds were identified in roots and 25 in aerial parts, where quinic acid (3146 ng/mg extract), astragalin (1178 ng/mg extract), and quercetin derivatives predominated. The comparative profiles revealed flavonoid-rich fingerprints in meyeriana and phenolic-acid-dominated composition in aucheri, supporting chemotaxonomic differentiation. The LC-HRMS method showed good analytical performance (R² > 0.98) and was suitable for quantitative assessment of phenolics and flavonoids in Campanula extracts. This study provides the first comprehensive LC-HRMS-based phytochemical comparison of these Caucasian subspecies and suggests potential pharmacological relevance.

Microbial secondary metabolites represent a cornerstone of modern drug discovery due to their remarkable structural diversity and unparalleled spectrum of bioactivities. A novel compound, (Z)-5-hydroxy-3-methylpent-2-enamide (compound 1), was isolated from the secondary metabolites of Fusarium acuminatum Ellis & Everh, and its structure was elucidated through various spectroscopic analyses. Preliminary pharmacological evaluation revealed that compound 1 exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity and potent α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. Notably, its inhibitory efficacy against the Gram-negative strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enteritidis surpassed that of the reference drug ampicillin sodium, with MIC values of 64 μg/mL and 16 μg/mL, respectively, demonstrating promising potential for antibacterial drug development. As a valuable microbial-derived resource, compound 1 provides important experimental foundations for the development of novel antibacterial agents and α-glucosidase inhibitors.

An endophytic fungus isolated from the rhizomes of Rosmarinus officinalis was identified as a Talaromyces species. Five distinct compounds were successfully isolated from the crude extract obtained from the fermentation culture, and identified as (1) thymol, (2) phloretin, (3) hesperetin, (4) dihydroquercetin, and (5) 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin. The antimicrobial activities of the five compounds were evaluated against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, revealing varied efficacy. Compound 2 was the most effective inhibitor of C. albicans. Activity against E. coli was observed for compounds 1, 2, 3, and 5. In the hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging assay, all five compounds exhibited weak reducing capacity. In the DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, compound 5 exhibited the highest scavenging activity. Additionally, cytotoxicity assays revealed that among the ID8, HeLa, and 293 T cell lines tested, the five compounds exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects against the ID8 cell line.