Predicting Sarcopenia and Frailty Risk in Patients Post Heart Transplantation

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 SURGERY Clinical Transplantation Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI:10.1111/ctr.70027

Trinidad Sentandreu-Mañó, Elena Marques-Sule, Luis Almenar-Bonet, José M. Tomás, Dominique Hansen, Pallav Deka, Raquel López-Vilella, Leonie Klompstra, Felipe V. C. Machado

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Abstract

Introduction

Currently, there is little evidence on the prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia risk or frailty risk in patients post heart transplantation (HTx). The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of sociodemographic, lifestyle, physical, and psychological factors on sarcopenia and frailty risk in patients post-HTx.

Methods

133 patients post-HTx (59.4% men, mean age 56.5 ± 12.7 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. The main outcomes were sarcopenia and frailty risk, and potential related predictors were comorbidities, time from transplantation, body mass index, sociodemographic factors, musculoskeletal pain, functional capacity, kinesiophobia, sleep problems, depression, physical activity, and diet quality. Multiple regression models were performed with all predictors, including polynomial regressions for predictors with a nonlinear relationship.

Results

The predictor variables explained 73.93% of frailty's variance. Functional capacity (with a nonlinear relationship) and diet quality were significant predictors of frailty risk, while diabetes and physical activity were marginally significant. In addition, the predictors explained 73.52% of sarcopenia's variance. Diabetes, functional capacity (with a nonlinear relationship), and kinesiophobia were significant predictors of sarcopenia risk, while pain intensity and diet quality were marginally significant.

Conclusion

Multivariate analysis conducted on patients post-HTx revealed that functional capacity was associated with both sarcopenia and frailty risk. Additionally, diet quality was a predictive factor of frailty, while diabetes and kinesiophobia were predictors of sarcopenia. These findings emphasize the importance of proper management to prevent frailty and sarcopenia, which share common associated factors.

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心脏移植后患者肌肉减少和虚弱风险的预测。

导论：目前，关于心脏移植（HTx）后患者肌肉减少症风险或虚弱风险的患病率和相关因素的证据很少。本研究的目的是分析社会人口学、生活方式、生理和心理因素对htx后患者肌肉减少症和虚弱风险的影响。方法：133例htx术后患者（男性59.4%，平均年龄56.5±12.7岁）参与本横断面研究。主要结局是肌肉减少症和虚弱风险，潜在的相关预测因素是合并症、移植时间、体重指数、社会人口因素、肌肉骨骼疼痛、功能能力、运动恐惧症、睡眠问题、抑郁、身体活动和饮食质量。对所有预测因子进行多元回归模型，包括对具有非线性关系的预测因子进行多项式回归。结果：预测变量解释了73.93%的脆性方差。功能能力（具有非线性关系）和饮食质量是衰弱风险的显著预测因子，而糖尿病和身体活动则是微显著的。此外，预测因子解释了73.52%的肌肉减少症方差。糖尿病、功能能力（非线性关系）和运动恐惧症是肌肉减少症风险的显著预测因子，而疼痛强度和饮食质量则是微显著的。结论：htx术后患者的多因素分析显示，功能能力与肌肉减少症和虚弱风险均相关。此外，饮食质量是虚弱的预测因素，而糖尿病和运动恐惧症是肌肉减少症的预测因素。这些发现强调了适当管理的重要性，以防止虚弱和肌肉减少症，这是共同的相关因素。

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来源期刊

Clinical Transplantation 医学-外科

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

4.80%

发文量

286

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Clinical Transplantation: The Journal of Clinical and Translational Research aims to serve as a channel of rapid communication for all those involved in the care of patients who require, or have had, organ or tissue transplants, including: kidney, intestine, liver, pancreas, islets, heart, heart valves, lung, bone marrow, cornea, skin, bone, and cartilage, viable or stored. Published monthly, Clinical Transplantation’s scope is focused on the complete spectrum of present transplant therapies, as well as also those that are experimental or may become possible in future. Topics include: Immunology and immunosuppression; Patient preparation; Social, ethical, and psychological issues; Complications, short- and long-term results; Artificial organs; Donation and preservation of organ and tissue; Translational studies; Advances in tissue typing; Updates on transplant pathology;. Clinical and translational studies are particularly welcome, as well as focused reviews. Full-length papers and short communications are invited. Clinical reviews are encouraged, as well as seminal papers in basic science which might lead to immediate clinical application. Prominence is regularly given to the results of cooperative surveys conducted by the organ and tissue transplant registries. Clinical Transplantation: The Journal of Clinical and Translational Research is essential reading for clinicians and researchers in the diverse field of transplantation: surgeons; clinical immunologists; cryobiologists; hematologists; gastroenterologists; hepatologists; pulmonologists; nephrologists; cardiologists; and endocrinologists. It will also be of interest to sociologists, psychologists, research workers, and to all health professionals whose combined efforts will improve the prognosis of transplant recipients.